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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Applied and Environmental Microbiology >Microbial Diversity in Ultra-High-Pressure Rocks and Fluids from the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling Project in China
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Microbial Diversity in Ultra-High-Pressure Rocks and Fluids from the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling Project in China

机译：中国大陆科学钻探项目在中国的超高压岩石和流体中的微生物多样性

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摘要

Microbial communities in ultra-high-pressure (UHP) rocks and drilling fluids from the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling Project were characterized. The rocks had a porosity of 1 to 3.5% and a permeability of ∼0.5 mDarcy. Abundant fluid and gas inclusions were present in the minerals. The rocks contained significant amounts of Fe2O3, FeO, P2O5, and nitrate (3 to 16 ppm). Acridine orange direct counting and phospholipid fatty acid analysis indicated that the total counts in the rocks and the fluids were 5.2 × 103 to 2.4 × 104 cells/g and 3.5 × 108 to 4.2 × 109 cells/g, respectively. Enrichment assays resulted in successful growth of thermophilic and alkaliphilic bacteria from the fluids, and some of these bacteria reduced Fe(III) to magnetite. 16S rRNA gene analyses indicated that the rocks were dominated by sequences similar to sequences of Proteobacteria and that most organisms were related to nitrate reducers from a saline, alkaline, cold habitat; however, some phylotypes were either members of a novel lineage or closely related to uncultured clones. The bacterial communities in the fluids were more diverse and included Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, gram-positive bacteria, Planctomycetes, and Candidatus taxa. The archaeal diversity was lower, and most sequences were not related to any known cultivated species. Some archaeal sequences were 90 to 95% similar to sequences recovered from ocean sediments or other subsurface environments. Some archaeal sequences from the drilling fluids were >93% similar to sequences of Sulfolobus solfataricus, and the thermophilic nature was consistent with the in situ temperature. We inferred that the microbes in the UHP rocks reside in fluid and gas inclusions, whereas those in the drilling fluids may be derived from subsurface fluids.
机译：对来自中国大陆科学钻探项目的超高压（UHP）岩石和钻井液中的微生物群落进行了表征。这些岩石的孔隙率为1％至3.5％，渗透率约为0.5 mDarcy。矿物中存在大量的流体和气体包裹体。岩石中含有大量的Fe2O3，FeO，P2O5和硝酸盐（3至16 ppm）。 cr啶橙直接计数和磷脂脂肪酸分析表明，岩石和液体中的总计数为5.2×10 3 至2.4×10 4 细胞/ g和3.5× 10 8 到4.2×10 9 个/ g。富集试验导致液体中嗜热和嗜碱细菌成功生长，其中一些细菌将Fe（III）还原为磁铁矿。 16S rRNA基因分析表明，岩石以类似于变形杆菌序列的序列为主，大多数生物与盐碱，碱性，寒冷栖息地的硝酸盐还原剂有关。然而，一些系统型不是新谱系的成员，就是与未培养的克隆密切相关的谱系。体液中的细菌群落更加多样化，包括变形杆菌，拟杆菌，革兰氏阳性细菌，扁平菌和念珠菌。古细菌的多样性较低，大多数序列与任何已知的栽培物种都不相关。一些古细菌序列与从海洋沉积物或其他地下环境中回收的序列相似，为90％至95％。钻井液中的一些古菌序列与Sulfolobus solfataricus的序列相似度> 93％，且嗜热性与原位温度一致。我们推断，UHP岩石中的微生物存在于流体和气体包裹体中，而钻井液中的微生物可能源自地下流体。

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