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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Applied and Environmental Microbiology >Bacillus Endospores Isolated from Granite: Close Molecular Relationships to Globally Distributed Bacillus spp. from Endolithic and Extreme Environments
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Bacillus Endospores Isolated from Granite: Close Molecular Relationships to Globally Distributed Bacillus spp. from Endolithic and Extreme Environments

机译：从花岗岩中分离出的芽孢杆菌内生孢子：与全球分布的芽孢杆菌属紧密的分子关系。来自极端环境和极端环境

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As part of an ongoing effort to catalog spore-forming bacterial populations in environments conducive to interplanetary transfer by natural impacts or by human spaceflight activities, spores of Bacillus spp. were isolated and characterized from the interior of near-subsurface granite rock collected from the Santa Catalina Mountains, AZ. Granite was found to contain ∼500 cultivable Bacillus spores and ∼104 total cultivable bacteria per gram. Many of the Bacillus isolates produced a previously unreported diffusible blue fluorescent compound. Two strains of eight tested exhibited increased spore UV resistance relative to a standard Bacillus subtilis UV biodosimetry strain. Fifty-six isolates were identified by repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR (rep-PCR) and 16S rRNA gene analysis as most closely related to B. megaterium (15 isolates), B. simplex (23 isolates), B. drentensis (6 isolates), B. niacini (7 isolates), and, likely, a new species related to B. barbaricus (5 isolates). Granite isolates were very closely related to a limited number of Bacillus spp. previously found to inhabit (i) globally distributed endolithic sites such as biodeteriorated murals, stone tombs, underground caverns, and rock concretions and (ii) extreme environments such as Antarctic soils, deep sea floor sediments, and spacecraft assembly facilities. Thus, it appears that the occurrence of Bacillus spp. in endolithic or extreme environments is not accidental but that these environments create unique niches excluding most Bacillus spp. but to which a limited number of Bacillus spp. are specifically adapted.
机译：作为在自然影响或人类太空飞行活动有利于行星际转移的环境中对形成孢子的细菌种群进行分类的一项不断努力的一部分，芽孢杆菌属的孢子。从亚利桑那州圣卡塔利娜山脉收集的近地下花岗岩内部进行分离和表征。发现花岗岩每克含有约500个可培养芽孢杆菌孢子和10个sup> 4 总可培养细菌。许多芽孢杆菌分离物产生了以前未报道的可扩散的蓝色荧光化合物。相对于标准枯草芽孢杆菌UV生物剂量测定菌株，测试的八株中的两种菌株表现出增加的抗孢子紫外线能力。通过重复的基因外回文PCR（rep-PCR）和16S rRNA基因分析，鉴定出56种分离物与巨型芽孢杆菌（15种分离物），单纯芽孢杆菌（23种分离物），德氏芽孢杆菌（6种分离物）， B. niacini（7株），可能还有一个与B. barbaricus有关的新物种（5株）。花岗岩分离物与有限数量的芽孢杆菌属密切相关。以前发现居住在（i）全球分布的石器时代遗址，例如生物恶化的壁画，石墓，地下洞穴和岩石建筑物，以及（ii）极端环境，例如南极土壤，深海底沉积物和航天器装配设施。因此，似乎出现了芽孢杆菌。在石器时代或极端环境中并不是偶然的，但是这些环境会创建独特的生态位，而大多数芽孢杆菌属除外。但其中只含有数量有限的芽孢杆菌。经过专门调整。

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