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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Applied and Environmental Microbiology >Marine Isolates of Trichoderma spp. as Potential Halotolerant Agents of Biological Control for Arid-Zone Agriculture
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Marine Isolates of Trichoderma spp. as Potential Halotolerant Agents of Biological Control for Arid-Zone Agriculture

机译：木霉属的海洋分离株。作为干旱区农业生物防治的潜在耐盐剂

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The scarcity of fresh water in the Mediterranean region necessitates the search for halotolerant agents of biological control of plant diseases that can be applied in arid-zone agriculture irrigated with saline water. Among 29 Trichoderma strains previously isolated from Mediterranean Psammocinia sp. sponges, the greatest number of isolates belong to the Trichoderma longibrachiatum-Hypocrea orientalis species pair (), H. atroviridis/T. atroviride (), and T. harzianum species complex (), all of which are known for high mycoparasitic potential. In addition, one isolate of T. asperelloides and two putative new species, Trichoderma sp. O.Y. 14707 and O.Y. 2407, from Longibrachiatum and Strictipilosa clades, respectively, have been identified. In vitro salinity assays showed that the ability to tolerate increasing osmotic pressure (halotolerance) is a strain- or clade-specific property rather than a feature of a species. Only a few isolates were found to be sensitive to increased salinity, while others either were halotolerant or even demonstrated improved growth in increasingly saline conditions. In vitro antibiosis assays revealed strong antagonistic activity toward phytopathogens due to the production of both soluble and volatile metabolites. Two marine-derived Trichoderma isolates, identified as T. atroviride and T. asperelloides, respectively, effectively reduced Rhizoctonia solani damping-off disease on beans and also induced defense responses in cucumber seedlings against Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrimans. This is the first inclusive evaluation of marine fungi as potential biocontrol agents.
机译：地中海地区淡水稀缺，因此需要寻找生物防治植物病害的卤水抑制剂，这些试剂可用于以盐水灌溉的干旱地区农业。在先前从地中海肺炎沙门氏菌中分离出的29种木霉菌株中。海绵中，分离物数量最多的是长木木霉-东方木霉菌对（H. atroviridis / T）。阿troviride（）和哈茨木霉（T. harzianum）种复合物（），它们均具有很高的真菌寄生潜力。此外，一种分离的曲霉杆菌和两个推定的新物种木霉属。 O.Y. 14707和O.Y.分别从Longibrachiatum和Strictipilosa进化枝中鉴定出2407。体外盐度测定表明，耐受不断增加的渗透压（耐盐性）的能力是菌株或进化枝特有的特性，而不是物种的特征。发现只有少数分离株对盐度增加敏感，而另一些分离株则具有盐耐性，甚至在盐浓度增加的情况下也表现出更好的生长。体外抗微生物试验显示，由于可溶性和挥发性代谢产物的产生，对植物病原体具有强大的拮抗作用。两种海洋来源的木霉菌分离物分别被鉴定为Atroviride和T. asperelloides，可有效减少豆类上的茄枯萎病，并诱导黄瓜幼苗对丁香假单胞菌pv的防御反应。 lachrimans。这是对海洋真菌作为潜在生物防治剂的首次全面评估。

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