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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Applied and Environmental Microbiology >Chloroflexi CL500-11 Populations That Predominate Deep-Lake Hypolimnion Bacterioplankton Rely on Nitrogen-Rich Dissolved Organic Matter Metabolism and C1 Compound Oxidation
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Chloroflexi CL500-11 Populations That Predominate Deep-Lake Hypolimnion Bacterioplankton Rely on Nitrogen-Rich Dissolved Organic Matter Metabolism and C1 Compound Oxidation

机译：主要在深湖小规模浮游细菌中占优势的Chloroflexi CL500-11种群依赖富氮的溶解性有机物代谢和C1化合物氧化

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The Chloroflexi CL500-11 clade contributes a large proportion of the bacterial biomass in the oxygenated hypolimnia of deep lakes worldwide, including the world's largest freshwater system, the Laurentian Great Lakes. Traits that allow CL500-11 to thrive and its biogeochemical role in these environments are currently unknown. Here, we found that a CL500-11 population was present mostly in offshore waters along a transect in ultraoligotrophic Lake Michigan (a Laurentian Great Lake). It occurred throughout the water column in spring and only in the hypolimnion during summer stratification, contributing up to 18.1% of all cells. Genome reconstruction from metagenomic data suggested an aerobic, motile, heterotrophic lifestyle, with additional energy being gained through carboxidovory and methylovory. Comparisons to other available streamlined freshwater genomes revealed that the CL500-11 genome contained a disproportionate number of cell wall/capsule biosynthesis genes and the most diverse spectrum of genes involved in the uptake of dissolved organic matter (DOM) substrates, particularly peptides. In situ expression patterns indicated the importance of DOM uptake and protein/peptide turnover, as well as type I and type II carbon monoxide dehydrogenase and flagellar motility. Its location in the water column influenced its gene expression patterns the most. We observed increased bacteriorhodopsin gene expression and a response to oxidative stress in surface waters compared to its response in deep waters. While CL500-11 carries multiple adaptations to an oligotrophic lifestyle, its investment in motility, its large cell size, and its distribution in both oligotrophic and mesotrophic lakes indicate its ability to thrive under conditions where resources are more plentiful. Our data indicate that CL500-11 plays an important role in nitrogen-rich DOM mineralization in the extensive deep-lake hypolimnion habitat.
机译：Chloroflexi CL500-11进化枝在全球深湖（包括世界上最大的淡水系统Laurentian Great Lakes）的充氧低通中贡献了大部分细菌生物量。目前尚不清楚使CL500-11蓬勃发展的性状及其在这些环境中的生物地球化学作用。在这里，我们发现CL500-11种群主要存在于超贫营养密歇根湖（Laurentian大湖）沿样带的近岸水域中。它在春季整个水柱中发生，仅在夏季分层期间出现在下层水质中，占所有细胞的18.1％。从宏基因组学数据重建基因组表明，这是一种有氧，运动，异养的生活方式，并通过碳氧化和甲基氧化获得了更多的能量。与其他可用的简化的淡水基因组的比较表明，CL500-11基因组包含不成比例的细胞壁/胶囊生物合成基因，并且涉及溶解性有机物（DOM）底物（尤其是肽）吸收的基因谱最多样化。原位表达模式表明DOM摄取和蛋白质/肽更新以及I型和II型一氧化碳脱氢酶和鞭毛运动的重要性。它在水柱中的位置对其基因表达模式的影响最大。与深水区相比，我们观察到了细菌视紫红质基因表达的增加以及对地表水中氧化应激的反应。尽管CL500-11对贫营养型生活方式有多种适应性，但它​​对运动性的投资，巨大的细胞大小以及其在贫营养型和中营养型湖泊中的分布都表明其能够在资源更丰富的条件下ive壮成长。我们的数据表明，CL500-11在广泛的深湖次生动物栖息地中的富氮DOM矿化中起着重要作用。

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