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Measles in Saudi Arabia: from control to elimination

机译:沙特阿拉伯的麻疹:从控制到消除

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摘要

This article describes the tremendous efforts made in the field of measles immunization in Saudi Arabia in the past 20 years, from the control phase to the elimination phase. Mandatory measles vaccination with one-dose Schwartz vaccine was introduced in 1982 by a royal decree, a step aimed at increasing vaccine coverage. In 1991, a two-dose schedule was implemented using Edmonston-Zagreb measles vaccine, with a first dose at 6 months to protect children younger than 9 months and a second dose of MMR at 12 months of age to protect those who did not respond to the first dose. A marked reduction in the epidemic peak and a shift of infection to older age were noticed. But the same data showed that 50% of measles cases in the 1- to 4-year age group occurred in vaccinated children. In 1998, with the start of elimination phase, an MMR campaign was launched in two phases, targeting school children in 1998 (secondary schools) and in 2000 (primary and intermediate schools). Evaluation of the MMR campaign and surveillance data was reflected in the measles immunization policy by shifting the age of measles immunization to 12 months and to preschool using the two-dose MMR schedule.
机译:本文介绍了从控制阶段到消除阶段的过去20年中,沙特阿拉伯在麻疹免疫领域做出的巨大努力。皇家法令于1982年引入了用一剂施瓦茨疫苗进行强制性麻疹疫苗接种,此举旨在扩大疫苗覆盖率。 1991年,使用埃德蒙斯顿-萨格勒布(Edmonston-Zagreb)麻疹疫苗实施了两剂时间表,第一剂在6个月时用于保护9个月以下的儿童,第二剂MMR在12个月时用于保护对那些没有反应的儿童第一剂。注意到流行高峰显着减少,并且感染向老年转移。但同样的数据表明,在1至4岁年龄段的麻疹病例中,有50%发生在接种疫苗的儿童中。 1998年,从消除阶段开始,分两个阶段发起了MMR运动,针对1998年(中学)和2000年(小学和初中)的学童。通过将麻疹免疫年龄改为12个月并使用两剂MMR时间表进入学龄前,对MMR运动和监测数据的评估反映在麻疹免疫政策中。

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