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Ecosystem Impacts of Geoengineering: A Review for Developing a Science Plan

机译:地球工程对生态系统的影响:制定科学计划的回顾

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摘要

Geoengineering methods are intended to reduce climate change, which is already having demonstrable effects on ecosystem structure and functioning in some regions. Two types of geoengineering activities that have been proposed are: carbon dioxide (CO2) removal (CDR), which removes CO2 from the atmosphere, and solar radiation management (SRM, or sunlight reflection methods), which reflects a small percentage of sunlight back into space to offset warming from greenhouse gases (GHGs). Current research suggests that SRM or CDR might diminish the impacts of climate change on ecosystems by reducing changes in temperature and precipitation. However, sudden cessation of SRM would exacerbate the climate effects on ecosystems, and some CDR might interfere with oceanic and terrestrial ecosystem processes. The many risks and uncertainties associated with these new kinds of purposeful perturbations to the Earth system are not well understood and require cautious and comprehensive research.
机译:地球工程方法旨在减少气候变化,气候变化已对某些地区的生态系统结构和功能产生明显影响。已经提出了两种类型的地球工程活动:二氧化碳(CO2)清除(CDR),它可以从大气中清除二氧化碳;以及太阳辐射管理(SRM,或阳光反射方法),可以将一小部分阳光反射回去抵消温室气体(GHG)变暖的空间。当前的研究表明,SRM或CDR可以通过减少温度和降水的变化来减少气候变化对生态系统的影响。但是,突然停止SRM会加剧气候变化对生态系统的影响,并且某些CDR可能会干扰海洋和陆地生态系统过程。与这些新型的故意干扰地球系统有关的许多风险和不确定性尚未得到很好的理解,需要谨慎而全面的研究。

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