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A Top-Down Regional Assessment of Urban Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Europe

机译:自上而下的欧洲城市温室气体排放区域评估

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摘要

This paper provides an account of urban greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from 40 countries in Europe and examines covariates of emissions levels. We use a “top-down” analysis of emissions as spatially reported in the Emission Dataset for Global Atmospheric Research supplemented by Carbon Monitoring for Action from 1153 European cities larger than 50 000 population in 2000 (comprising >81 % of the total European urban population). Urban areas are defined spatially and demographically by the Global Rural Urban Mapping Project. We compare these results with “bottom-up” carbon accounting method results for cities in the region. Our results suggest that direct (Scopes 1 and 2) GHG emissions from urban areas range between 44 and 54 % of total anthropogenic emissions for the region. While individual urban GHG footprints vary from bottom-up studies, both the mean differences and the regional energy-related GHG emission share support previous findings. Correlation analysis indicates that the urban GHG emissions in Europe are mainly influenced by population size, density, and income and not by biophysical conditions. We argue that these data and methods of analysis are best used at the regional or higher scales.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13280-013-0467-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
机译:本文提供了欧洲40个国家/地区的城市温室气体(GHG)排放量的数据,并研究了排放水平的协变量。我们使用了“自上而下”的排放分析方法,该方法在全球大气研究排放数据集中进行了空间报告,并在2000年对1153个人口超过5万的欧洲城市进行了行动碳监测(占欧洲城市总人口的> 81%) )。全球农村城市制图项目在空间和人口上定义了城市区域。我们将这些结果与该地区城市的“自下而上”碳核算方法结果进行了比较。我们的结果表明,城市地区直接(范围1和2)GHG排放量占该地区人为排放总量的44%至54%。尽管自下而上的研究表明各个城市的温室气体足迹不同,但均值差异和区域与能源有关的温室气体排放份额均支持先前的发现。相关分析表明,欧洲城市温室气体排放量主要受人口规模,密度和收入的影响,而不受生物物理条件的影响。我们认为这些数据和分析方法最适合在区域或更大规模的范围内使用。电子补充材料本文的在线版本(doi:10.1007 / s13280-013-0467-6)包含补充材料,授权用户可以使用。 。

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