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Standardizing Heterogeneous Annotation Corpora Using HL7 FHIR for Facilitating their Reuse and Integration in Clinical NLP

机译:使用HL7 FHIR标准化异类注释语料库以促进其在临床NLP中的重复使用和整合

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摘要

Manually annotated clinical corpora are commonly used as the gold standards for the training and evaluation of clinical natural language processing (NLP) tools. The creation of these manual annotation corpora, however, is both costly and time-consuming. There is an emerging need in the clinical NLP community for reusing existing annotation corpora across different clinical NLP tasks. The objective of this study is to design, develop and evaluate a framework and accompanying tools to support the standardization and integration of annotation corpora using the HL7 Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) specification. The framework contains two main modules: 1) an automatic schema transformation module, in which the annotation schema in each corpus is automatically transformed into the FHIR-based schema; 2) an expert-based verification and annotation module, in which existing annotations can be verified and new annotations can be added for new elements defined in FHIR. We evaluated the framework using various annotation corpora created as part of different clinical NLP projects at the Mayo Clinic. We demonstrated that it is feasible to leverage FHIR as a standard data model for standardizing heterogeneous annotation corpora for their reuse and integration in advanced clinical NLP research and practices.
机译:人工注释的临床语料库通常用作培训和评估临床自然语言处理(NLP)工具的黄金标准。但是,创建这些手动注释语料库既昂贵又费时。临床NLP社区中出现了一种新的需求,即在不同的临床NLP任务之间重用现有的注解语料库。这项研究的目的是设计,开发和评估框架和随附工具,以支持使用HL7快速医疗保健互操作性资源(FHIR)规范的注释语料库的标准化和集成。该框架包含两个主要模块:1)自动模式转换模块,其中每个语料库中的注释模式自动转换为基于FHIR的模式; 2)基于专家的验证和注释模块,其中可以验证现有注释,并可以为FHIR中定义的新元素添加新注释。我们使用在Mayo诊所的不同临床NLP项目的一部分创建的各种注释语料库对框架进行了评估。我们证明了利用FHIR作为标准数据模型来标准化异类注释语料库,以在高级NLP研究和实践中重用和集成它们是可行的。

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