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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Advances in Nutrition >Economic Benefits and Costs of Human Milk Feedings: A Strategy to Reduce the Risk of Prematurity-Related Morbidities in Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants
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Economic Benefits and Costs of Human Milk Feedings: A Strategy to Reduce the Risk of Prematurity-Related Morbidities in Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants

机译：母乳喂养的经济效益和成本：降低极低出生体重婴儿早产相关疾病风险的策略

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摘要

Infants born at very low birth weight (VLBW; birth weight <1500 g) are at high risk of mortality and are some of the most expensive patients in the hospital. Additionally, VLBW infants are susceptible to prematurity-related morbidities, including late-onset sepsis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), necrotizing enterocolitis, and retinopathy of prematurity, which have short- and long-term economic consequences. The incremental cost of these morbidities during the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) hospitalization is high, ranging from $10,055 (in 2009 US$) for late-onset sepsis to $31,565 for BPD. Human milk has been shown to reduce both the incidence and severity of some of these morbidities and, therefore, has an indirect impact on the cost of the NICU hospitalization. Furthermore, human milk may also directly reduce NICU hospitalization costs, independent of the indirect impact on the incidence and/or severity of these morbidities. Although there is an economic cost to both the mother and institution for providing human milk during the NICU hospitalization, these costs are relatively low. This review describes the total cost of the initial NICU hospitalization, the incremental cost associated with these prematurity-related morbidities, and the incremental benefits and costs of human milk feedings during critical periods of the NICU hospitalization as a strategy to reduce the incidence and severity of these morbidities.
机译：出生时体重很轻（VLBW；出生体重<1500 g）的婴儿有很高的死亡风险，并且是医院中最昂贵的患者。此外，VLBW婴儿易患早产相关的疾病，包括迟发性败血症，支气管肺发育不良（BPD），坏死性小肠结肠炎和早产儿视网膜病变，这会带来短期和长期的经济影响。在新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）住院期间，这些疾病的增量成本很高，范围从晚期脓毒症的10,055美元（以2009年美元计）到BPD的31,565美元不等。母乳已显示出可以降低其中某些疾病的发生率和严重性，因此对NICU住院费用具有间接影响。此外，人乳还可以直接降低重症监护病房的住院费用，而与这些疾病的发生率和/或严重程度的间接影响无关。尽管在新生儿重症监护病房住院期间为母乳提供服务的母亲和机构都有经济成本，但这些成本相对较低。这篇综述描述了初始重症监护病房住院的总费用，与这些早产相关疾病相关的增量费用，以及重症监护病房住院关键时期母乳喂养的增量收益和费用，以此作为降低重症监护病房发病率和严重性的策略。这些发病率。

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