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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Role of Sediments in Insecticide Runoff from Urban Surfaces: Analysis and Modeling
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Role of Sediments in Insecticide Runoff from Urban Surfaces: Analysis and Modeling

机译：沉积物在城市表面杀虫剂径流中的作用：分析和建模

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Insecticides, such as pyrethroids, have frequently been detected in runoff from urban areas, and their offsite transport can cause aquatic toxicity in urban streams and estuaries. To better understand the wash-off process of pesticide residues in urban runoff, the association of pyrethroids with sediment in runoff from residential surfaces was investigated in two watersheds located in Northern California (Sacramento County). Rainfall, flow rate, and event mean concentrations/loads of sediments and pyrethroids, collected during seasonal monitoring campaigns from 2007 to 2014, were analyzed to identify relationships among stormwater quality and rainfall characteristics, primarily using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Pyrethroid wash-off was strongly related to sediment wash-off whenever sediment loads exceeded 10 mg; this value was conveniently selected as a threshold between dissolved and particle-bound control of off-site pyrethroid transport. A new mechanistic model for predicting pyrethroid wash-off profiles from residential surfaces at basin-scale was implemented in the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM). The accuracy of the model predictions was estimated by evaluating the root mean square error (RMSE), Nash–Sutcliff efficiency (NSE), and Kling–Gupta efficiency (KGE) for each pyrethroid detected (RMSEtot = 0.13; NSEtot = 0.28; KGEtot = 0.56). The importance of particle-bound transport revealed in this work confirms previous field investigations at a smaller scale, and it should be a key consideration when developing policies to mitigate pesticide runoff from urban areas.
机译：经常在城市地区的径流中检测到杀虫剂，例如拟除虫菊酯，它们的异地运输会在城市溪流和河口造成水生毒性。为了更好地理解城市径流中农药残留的冲刷过程，在位于加利福尼亚北部（萨克拉曼多县）的两个流域中，研究了拟除虫菊酯与居民地表径流中的沉积物之间的关系。主要使用主成分分析（PCA）对2007年至2014年的季节性监测活动期间收集的降雨，流量以及沉积物和拟除虫菊酯的事件平均浓度/负荷进行了分析，以识别雨水质量与降雨特征之间的关系。每当沉淀物负载超过10 mg时，拟除虫菊酯的冲洗与沉淀物的冲洗强烈相关；将该值方便地选择为异地拟除虫菊酯转运的溶解和颗粒结合控制之间的阈值。在雨水管理模型（SWMM）中实现了一种新的机理模型，该模型用于预测流域规模的住宅表面拟除虫菊酯的冲洗剖面。通过评估每个检出的拟除虫菊酯的均方根误差（RMSE），纳什-舒特克里夫效率（NSE）和克林-古普塔效率（KGE）来估计模型预测的准确性（RMSEtot = 0.13; NSEtot = 0.28; KGEtot = 0.56）。这项工作中揭示的颗粒束缚运输的重要性证实了以前在较小规模上进行的田间调查，这在制定减轻城市地区农药径流的政策时应成为关键考虑因素。

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