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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Frontiers in Veterinary Science >Dystonia and Paroxysmal Dyskinesias: Under-Recognized Movement Disorders in Domestic Animals? A Comparison with Human Dystonia/Paroxysmal Dyskinesias
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Dystonia and Paroxysmal Dyskinesias: Under-Recognized Movement Disorders in Domestic Animals? A Comparison with Human Dystonia/Paroxysmal Dyskinesias

机译：肌张力障碍和阵发性运动障碍：家畜的运动障碍认识不足？与人肌张力障碍/阵发性运动障碍的比较

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Dystonia is defined as a neurological syndrome characterized by involuntary sustained or intermittent muscle contractions causing twisting, often repetitive movements, and postures. Paroxysmal dyskinesias are episodic movement disorders encompassing dystonia, chorea, athetosis, and ballism in conscious individuals. Several decades of research have enhanced the understanding of the etiology of human dystonia and dyskinesias that are associated with dystonia, but the pathophysiology remains largely unknown. The spontaneous occurrence of hereditary dystonia and paroxysmal dyskinesia is well documented in rodents used as animal models in basic dystonia research. Several hyperkinetic movement disorders, described in dogs, horses and cattle, show similarities to these human movement disorders. Although dystonia is regarded as the third most common movement disorder in humans, it is often misdiagnosed because of the heterogeneity of etiology and clinical presentation. Since these conditions are poorly known in veterinary practice, their prevalence may be underestimated in veterinary medicine. In order to attract attention to these movement disorders, i.e., dystonia and paroxysmal dyskinesias associated with dystonia, and to enhance interest in translational research, this review gives a brief overview of the current literature regarding dystonia/paroxysmal dyskinesia in humans and summarizes similar hereditary movement disorders reported in domestic animals.
机译：肌张力障碍被定义为一种神经系统综合症，其特征是不自主的持续或间歇性肌肉收缩引起扭曲，经常是重复性运动和姿势。阵发性运动障碍是发作性运动障碍，包括有意识的个体的肌张力障碍，舞蹈症，无神力症和弹道。几十年的研究增强了对人类肌张力障碍和与肌张力障碍相关的运动障碍的病因学的了解，但病理生理学仍然未知。遗传性肌张力障碍和阵发性运动障碍的自发发生在作为基础肌张力障碍研究的动物模型的啮齿动物中有充分的文献记载。在狗，马和牛中描述的几种运动亢进性运动障碍与这些人类运动障碍有相似之处。尽管肌张力障碍被认为是人类中第三大最常见的运动障碍，但由于病因学和临床表现的异质性，它常常被误诊。由于这些条件在兽医实践中鲜为人知，因此在兽医学中可能低估了它们的患病率。为了引起对这些运动障碍（即肌张力障碍相关的肌张力障碍和阵发性运动障碍）的关注，并增强对转化研究的兴趣，本综述简要概述了有关人类肌张力障碍/阵发性运动障碍的最新文献，并总结了类似的遗传性运动家畜中报告的疾病。

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