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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Assay and Drug Development Technologies >Extracellular Matrix Remodeling: The Common Denominator in Connective Tissue DiseasesPossibilities for Evaluation and Current Understanding of the Matrix as More Than a Passive Architecture but a Key Player in Tissue Failure
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Extracellular Matrix Remodeling: The Common Denominator in Connective Tissue DiseasesPossibilities for Evaluation and Current Understanding of the Matrix as More Than a Passive Architecture but a Key Player in Tissue Failure

机译：细胞外基质重塑：结缔组织疾病中的常见分母可能评估和当前对基质的了解超过被动架构但在组织衰竭中起关键作用

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Increased attention is paid to the structural components of tissues. These components are mostly collagens and various proteoglycans. Emerging evidence suggests that altered components and noncoded modifications of the matrix may be both initiators and drivers of disease, exemplified by excessive tissue remodeling leading to tissue stiffness, as well as by changes in the signaling potential of both intact matrix and fragments thereof. Although tissue structure until recently was viewed as a simple architecture anchoring cells and proteins, this complex grid may contain essential information enabling the maintenance of the structure and normal functioning of tissue. The aims of this review are to (1) discuss the structural components of the matrix and the relevance of their mutations to the pathology of diseases such as fibrosis and cancer, (2) introduce the possibility that post-translational modifications (PTMs), such as protease cleavage, citrullination, cross-linking, nitrosylation, glycosylation, and isomerization, generated during pathology, may be unique, disease-specific biochemical markers, (3) list and review the range of simple enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) that have been developed for assessing the extracellular matrix (ECM) and detecting abnormal ECM remodeling, and (4) discuss whether some PTMs are the cause or consequence of disease. New evidence clearly suggests that the ECM at some point in the pathogenesis becomes a driver of disease. These pathological modified ECM proteins may allow insights into complicated pathologies in which the end stage is excessive tissue remodeling, and provide unique and more pathology-specific biochemical markers.
机译：人们越来越关注组织的结构成分。这些成分主要是胶原蛋白和各种蛋白聚糖。越来越多的证据表明，基质的改变成分和未编码的修饰可能都是疾病的引发者和驱动者，例如过度的组织重塑导致组织僵硬，以及完整基质及其片段的信号传导潜能变化。尽管直到最近，组织结构仍被视为锚固细胞和蛋白质的简单结构，但这种复杂的网格可能包含必不可少的信息，能够维持组织的结构和正常功能。这篇综述的目的是（1）讨论基质的结构成分及其突变与诸如纤维化和癌症等疾病病理的相关性，（2）介绍翻译后修饰（PTM）的可能性，例如由于在病理过程中产生的蛋白酶裂解，瓜氨酸化，交联，亚硝基化，糖基化和异构化可能是独特的，疾病特异性的生化指标，（3）列出并回顾了简单的酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）的范围已经开发出用于评估细胞外基质（ECM）和检测异常ECM重塑的方法，并且（4）讨论了某些PTM是疾病的原因还是后果。新证据清楚地表明，ECM在发病机理的某个时刻成为疾病的驱动因素。这些经过病理修饰的ECM蛋白可以深入了解复杂的病理，其中最终阶段是过度的组织重塑，并提供独特且更具病理特异性的生化标记。

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