首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Environmental Entomology >Divergent Egg Physiologies in Two Closely Related Grasshopper Species: Taeniopoda eques versus Romalea microptera (Orthoptera: Romaleidae)
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Divergent Egg Physiologies in Two Closely Related Grasshopper Species: Taeniopoda eques versus Romalea microptera (Orthoptera: Romaleidae)

机译:两种密切相关的蚱hopper物种的卵生理差异:eni藜科(Taeniopoda eques)与小male科(Romalea microptera)(直翅目:male科)

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摘要

We compared egg survivorship and egg development time at different soil moistures for two closely related grasshopper species from divergent habitats: marsh-inhabiting Romalea microptera (Beauvois) versus desert-inhabiting Taeniopoda eques (Burmeister). These two species can interbreed and produce viable offspring. In nature, both species have a similar 8–9 mo subterranean egg stage, but their soil environments differ dramatically in water content. We predicted that the eggs of the two species would exhibit differential survivorship and development times under different moisture levels. Our laboratory results show that the eggs of both species survived a wide range of soil moistures (≈ 0.5 to 90%), maintained for 3 mo. However, the eggs of the marsh grasshopper, R. microptera, better tolerated the highest soil moistures (95 and 100%), whereas the eggs of the desert species, T. eques, better tolerated the lowest soil moistures (0.0 and 0.1%). Sixty-five percent of marsh-inhabiting R. microptera eggs, but no desert T. eques eggs, survived 3 mo submersion under water. In contrast, 49% of desert T. eques eggs, but only 3.5% of R. microptera eggs, survived after being laid into oven-dried sand and then maintained with no additional water until hatch. In the laboratory at 26°C, the two species differed significantly in the mean length of the oviposition-to-hatch interval: 176 d for R. microptera versus 237 d for T. eques. These divergent traits presumably benefit these insects in their divergent habitats. Our results suggest the evolution of physiological divergence that is consistent with adaptations to local environments.
机译:我们比较了来自不同栖息地的两种密切相关的蚱hopper物种在不同土壤水分条件下的卵存活率和卵发育时间:沼泽栖息的Romalea microptera(Beauvois)与沙漠栖息的Taeniopoda eques(Burmeister)。这两个物种可以杂交并产生有活力的后代。在自然界中,两个物种的地下卵期相似,为8–9 mo,但是它们的土壤环境在含水量上存在巨大差异。我们预测,在不同的水分含量下,这两个物种的卵将表现出不同的存活和发育时间。我们的实验室结果表明,这两种卵都可以在多种土壤水分(≈0.5至90%)中存活,维持3 mo。然而,沼泽蚱hopper的卵(R. microptera)的鸡蛋能更好地耐受最高的土壤水分(95%和100%),而沙漠种(T. eques)的卵能更好地耐受最低的土壤水分(0.0%和0.1%)。 。在沼泽中栖有的微型。卵中有百分之六十五,但没有沙漠象鼻虫卵,在水中淹没3个月后仍然存活。相比之下,将沙漠中的T.等同于卵,但是将3.5%的R. microptera卵放在烤箱烘干的沙子中,然后在孵化之前无需额外的水就可以生存。在26°C的实验室中,这两个物种的产卵至孵化间隔的平均长度差异显着:小翅目蛙为176 d,而T. eques则为237 d。这些发散的特性可能使这些昆虫在其不同的生境中受益。我们的结果表明生理差异的演变与适应当地环境一致。

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