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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Journal of Nematology >Impacts of Sustained Use of Dairy Manure Slurry and Fertilizers on Populations of Pratylenchus penetrans under Tall Fescue
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Impacts of Sustained Use of Dairy Manure Slurry and Fertilizers on Populations of Pratylenchus penetrans under Tall Fescue

机译：高羊茅下持续使用奶牛粪便和化肥对Pantylenchus penetrans种群的影响

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摘要

Various manures and composts have been reported to reduce population densities of plant-parasitic nematodes. Dairy manure slurry is often used as a primary source of nitrogen for forage crops. This study was conducted to determine the effects of dairy manure on population densities of Pratylenchus penetrans parasitizing tall fescue. Beginning in 1994, dairy manure and inorganic fertilizer were applied after each harvest (2 to 4 times/year) at rates of 50 and 100 kg NH₄-N/ha; control plots were not treated. Nematode populations in soil and roots were determined at 19 sample dates during the fourth (1997), fifth (1998), and sixth (1999) years of manure and fertilizer applications. The sustained use of dairy manure and fertilizer increased population densities of P. penetrans. Our results contrast with many previous studies demonstrating that application of manures decreases population densities of plant-parasitic nematodes. Frequent applications of moderate amounts of manure to a perennial grass crop may have prevented the development of nematode-toxic levels of ammonia or other toxic substances such as nitrous acid or volatile fatty acids. Two years with no additional manure applications were required for P. penetrans population densities to return to levels similar to fertilized or untreated soil.
机译：据报道，各种肥料和堆肥降低了植物寄生线虫的种群密度。乳肥料浆液通常用作饲料作物的主要氮源。进行这项研究是为了确定乳牛粪对Petyrenchus penetrans寄生高羊茅的种群密度的影响。从1994年开始，每次收获后（每年2至4次）施用50和100 kg NH 3 -N / ha的奶肥和无机肥料。对照地块未处理。在第四年（1997年），第五年（1998年）和第六年（1999年）施肥和施肥期间，在19个采样日期确定了土壤和根中的线虫种群。持续使用奶牛粪肥和化肥增加了P. penetrans的种群密度。我们的结果与许多以前的研究相反，后者表明施用肥料会降低植物寄生线虫的种群密度。对多年生禾草作物频繁施以适量的肥料可能已经阻止了线虫毒性水平的氨或其他有毒物质（如亚硝酸或挥发性脂肪酸）的发展。奔牛对虾的种群密度恢复到与施肥或未经处理的土壤相似的水平，不需要额外的肥料两年。

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