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Statin Concentrations Below the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Attenuate the Virulence of Rhizopus oryzae

机译:低于最低抑菌浓度的他汀类药物浓度减弱了米根霉的毒性。

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摘要

>Background. Mucormycosis is a destructive invasive mold infection afflicting patients with diabetes and hematologic malignancies. Patients with diabetes are often treated with statins, which have been shown to have antifungal properties. We sought to examine the effects of statins on Rhizopus oryzae, a common cause of mucormycosis.>Methods. Clinical strains of R. oryzae were exposed to lovastatin, atorvastatin, and simvastatin and the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined. R. oryzae germination, DNA fragmentation, susceptibility to oxidative stress, and ability to damage endothelial cells were assessed. We further investigated the impact of exposure to lovastatin on the virulence of R. oryzae.>Results. All statins had MICs of >64 µg/mL against R. oryzae. Exposure of R. oryzae to statins decreased germling formation, induced DNA fragmentation, and attenuated damage to endothelial cells independently of the expression of GRP78 and CotH. Additionally, R. oryzae exposed to lovastatin showed macroscopic loss of melanin, yielded increased susceptibility to the oxidative agent peroxide, and had attenuated virulence in both fly and mouse models of mucormycosis.>Conclusions. Exposure of R. oryzae to statins at concentrations below their MICs decreased virulence both in vitro and in vivo. Further investigation is warranted into the use of statins as adjunctive therapy in mucormycosis.
机译:>背景。真菌病是一种破坏性的侵袭性霉菌感染,患有糖尿病和血液系统恶性肿瘤。糖尿病患者经常接受他汀类药物治疗,他汀类药物已被证明具有抗真菌特性。我们试图检查他汀类药物对毛霉菌病的常见病因米根霉的作用。>方法。米曲霉的临床菌株应与洛伐他汀,阿托伐他汀和辛伐他汀接触,并接受最低抑菌浓度(MICs)。被确定。评估了米曲霉的发芽,DNA断裂,对氧化应激的敏感性以及对内皮细胞的损伤能力。我们进一步研究了洛伐他汀暴露对米曲霉毒力的影响。>结果。所有他汀类药物对米曲霉的MIC均大于64 µg / mL。米曲霉暴露于他汀类药物可减少胚芽形成,诱导DNA片段化,并减弱对内皮细胞的损伤,而与GRP78和CotH的表达无关。此外,暴露于洛伐他汀的米曲霉显示出黑色素的宏观损失,对毛霉菌病的飞行和小鼠模型中的过氧化物氧化剂敏感性增加,并且毒力减弱。>结论。米曲霉的暴露他汀类药物浓度低于其MICs时,在体外和体内均可降低毒力。他汀类药物作为毛霉菌病的辅助治疗方法有待进一步研究。

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