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Stimulus rivalry and binocular rivalry share a common neural substrate

机译：刺激竞争和双眼竞争共享共同的神经底物

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When two incompatible images are shown separately to each eye, a perceptual process known as binocular rivalry occurs by which the two images compete for awareness. The site of competition for binocular rivalry has been a topic of debate, and recent theories are that it may occur either at low levels of the visual system where the inputs from the two eyes are combined or at high levels of the visual system where the two images are processed. One of the major pieces of evidence for a high-level image account of rivalry is a phenomenon known as stimulus rivalry, in which two competing stimuli are swapped between the eyes at 3 Hz. However, there is little available neurophysiological evidence for a neural substrate for this high-level competition. Here, we used frequency tagging of two competing stimuli in binocular rivalry and stimulus rivalry in humans to evaluate whether the steady-state visually evoked potentials (SSVEPs) show similar signatures of neural competition for both conditions. We found that flickering the stimuli generates spectral power at the tagged frequencies in both types of rivalry in the early visual cortex. We then quantified dynamic signatures of competition by tracking amplitude changes in the frequency tags, which showed that both types of rivalry colocalized in occipital regions of the cortex. Thus, contrary to our hypothesis that stimulus rivalry was being mediated by high-level competition between the images, we find that neural competition measured by the SSVEP instead suggests that the sites of competition for stimulus rivalry and binocular rivalry may similarly include the occipital pole and middle temporal gyrus (hMT+/V5) of the visual system, consistent with a low-level, binocular interpretation.
机译：当分别向每只眼睛显示两个不兼容的图像时，就会发生称为双眼竞争的感知过程，通过该过程，两个图像将竞争意识。双眼竞争的竞争场所一直是争论的话题，近来的理论认为，它可能发生在视觉系统的低水平（两只眼睛的输入相结合），也可能发生在视觉系统的高水平（两只眼睛的输入相结合）图像被处理。有关竞争的高级图像说明的主要证据之一是一种被称为刺激竞争的现象，其中两个竞争刺激以3 Hz的频率在眼睛之间交换。但是，对于这种高水平竞争，神经底物的神经生理学证据很少。在这里，我们使用了人类双眼竞争和刺激竞争中两种竞争性刺激的频率标记，以评估稳态视觉诱发电位（SSVEP）在两种情况下是否都表现出相似的神经竞争特征。我们发现闪烁的刺激会在早期视觉皮层的两种竞争中以标记的频率产生频谱能量。然后，我们通过跟踪频率标签中的幅度变化来量化竞争的动态特征，这表明两种竞争类型都共同位于皮质的枕骨区域。因此，与我们的假设（即图像之间的高级竞争介导刺激竞争）相反，我们发现SSVEP测量的神经竞争表明刺激竞争和双眼竞争的竞争场所可能相似地包括枕骨和视觉系统的颞中回（hMT + / V5），与低级双目解释一致。

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