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Ultra-high-resolution inelastic X-ray scattering at high-repetition-rate self-seeded X-ray free-electron lasers

机译:高重复率自种X射线自由电子激光器的超高分辨率非弹性X射线散射

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摘要

Inelastic X-ray scattering (IXS) is an important tool for studies of equilibrium dynamics in condensed matter. A new spectrometer recently proposed for ultra-high-resolution IXS (UHRIX) has achieved 0.6 meV and 0.25 nm−1 spectral and momentum-transfer resolutions, respectively. However, further improvements down to 0.1 meV and 0.02 nm−1 are required to close the gap in energy–momentum space between high- and low-frequency probes. It is shown that this goal can be achieved by further optimizing the X-ray optics and by increasing the spectral flux of the incident X-ray pulses. UHRIX performs best at energies from 5 to 10 keV, where a combination of self-seeding and undulator tapering at the SASE-2 beamline of the European XFEL promises up to a 100-fold increase in average spectral flux compared with nominal SASE pulses at saturation, or three orders of magnitude more than what is possible with storage-ring-based radiation sources. Wave-optics calculations show that about 7 × 1012 photons s−1 in a 90 µeV bandwidth can be achieved on the sample. This will provide unique new possibilities for dynamics studies by IXS.
机译:非弹性X射线散射(IXS)是研究凝聚态平衡动力学的重要工具。最近为超高分辨率IXS(UHRIX)提出的一种新的光谱仪已经实现了0.6 meV和0.25 nm -1 的光谱和动量传递分辨率。然而,需要进一步改进以降低至0.1 meV和0.02 nm -1 ,以缩小高频和低频探头之间的能量动量空间。已表明,可以通过进一步优化X射线光学系统并增加入射X射线脉冲的光谱通量来实现此目标。 UHRIX在5至10?keV的能量下表现最佳,在这种情况下,欧洲XFEL的SASE-2光束线的自播和起伏锥形相结合,可使平均光谱通量与饱和时的标称SASE脉冲相比增加多达100倍,或比基于存储环的辐射源高三个数量级。波动光学计算表明,在90µeV的带宽中,可以实现大约7×10 12 光子s −1 。这将为IXS的动力学研究提供独特的新可能性。

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