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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Journal of Experimental Botany >Sustained enhancement of photosynthesis in coffee trees grown under free-air CO2 enrichment conditions: disentangling the contributions of stomatal mesophyll and biochemical limitations
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Sustained enhancement of photosynthesis in coffee trees grown under free-air CO2 enrichment conditions: disentangling the contributions of stomatal mesophyll and biochemical limitations

机译：持续增强空气中二氧化碳富集条件下种植的咖啡树的光合作用：消除气孔叶肉和生化限制的作用

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摘要

Coffee (Coffea spp.), a globally traded commodity, is a slow-growing tropical tree species that displays an improved photosynthetic performance when grown under elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations ([CO2]). To investigate the mechanisms underlying this response, two commercial coffee cultivars (Catuaí and Obatã) were grown using the first free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) facility in Latin America. Measurements were conducted in two contrasting growth seasons, which were characterized by the high (February) and low (August) sink demand. Elevated [CO2] led to increases in net photosynthetic rates (A) in parallel with decreased photorespiration rates, with no photochemical limitations to A. The stimulation of A by elevated CO2 supply was more prominent in August (56% on average) than in February (40% on average). Overall, the stomatal and mesophyll conductances, as well as the leaf nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, were unresponsive to the treatments. Photosynthesis was strongly limited by diffusional constraints, particularly at the stomata level, and this pattern was little, if at all, affected by elevated [CO2]. Relative to February, starch pools (but not soluble sugars) increased remarkably (>500%) in August, with no detectable alteration in the maximum carboxylation capacity estimated on a chloroplast [CO2] basis. Upregulation of A by elevated [CO2] took place with no signs of photosynthetic downregulation, even during the period of low sink demand, when acclimation would be expected to be greatest.
机译：咖啡（Coffea spp。）是一种全球贸易商品，是一种生长缓慢的热带树木，在升高的大气CO2浓度（[CO2]）下生长时，显示出改善的光合性能。为了研究这种反应的潜在机制，使用了拉丁美洲第一个自由空气CO2浓缩（FACE）设施种植了两个商业咖啡品种（Catuaí和Obatã）。在两个相反的生长季节进行了测量，其特征是水槽需求高（2月）和水槽需求低（8月）。升高的[CO2]导致净光合速率（A）的增加与光呼吸速率的降低同时发生，对A没有光化学的限制。CO2供给增加对A的刺激比二月份更为明显（平均56％）。 （平均40％）。总体而言，气孔和叶肉电导以及叶片氮和磷的浓度对处理无反应。光合作用受到扩散限制的强烈限制，尤其是在气孔水平，并且这种模式几乎不受[CO2]升高的影响。相对于2月，8月的淀粉库（但不是可溶性糖）显着增加（> 500％），并且根据叶绿体[CO2]估算的最大羧化能力没有明显变化。升高的[CO2]引起的A上调没有光合作用下调的迹象，即使在水槽需求低的时期，预计驯化将是最大的。

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