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Metrology characterization of ultraprecise bendable mirrors for the European XFEL: from offsite calibration to installation and commissioning

机译:适用于欧洲XFEL的超精密可弯曲反射镜的计量学表征:从异地校准到安装和调试

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摘要

The European XFEL requires long and ultraflat X-ray mirrors of high precision for the beam offset and distribution system [Altarelli et al. (2006), XFEL Technical Design Report, DESY 2006-097. DESY, Hamburg, Germany]. A general specification of the beam transport mirrors is a length of up to 950 mm and an optical surface with a deviation from a perfectly flat surface of <30 nm peak-to-valley and a figure error of <2 nm peak-to-valley. From a production point of view, such a mirror cannot be easily fabricated so, in each beamline, it is foreseen to have at least one mirror with bending capabilities. In this way, it is possible to correct the residual divergence of the beam in order to focus it in the correct position with high accuracy and repeatability. This is practically implemented using a mechanical bender in which the mirror is mounted and bent through a motorized actuator. One such system was characterized in the metrology lab using a large-aperture Fizeau interferometer and a capacitive sensor. It was then installed in the beamline and calibrated again using the X-ray beam. Here, the procedure is described and the two different methods are compared, stressing the differences and the possible explanations and improvements.
机译:欧洲的XFEL需要用于光束偏移和分配系统的高精度长而超平的X射线反射镜[Altarelli等。 (2006),XFEL技术设计报告,DESY 2006-097。 DESY,德国汉堡]。光束传输镜的一般规格是最大长度为950 andmm,并且光学表面与峰谷之间的<30 nm完美平坦表面之间的偏差和峰谷之间的图形误差为<2 nm 。从生产的角度来看,这种反射镜不容易制造,因此,在每条光束线上,可以预见至少有一个具有弯曲能力的反射镜。以此方式,可以校正光束的剩余发散,以便以高精度和可重复性将其聚焦在正确的位置。这实际上是通过使用机械弯管机来实现的,在该机械弯管机中安装了镜子并通过电动致动器弯折。一种这样的系统在计量实验室中使用大孔径的Fizeau干涉仪和电容传感器进行了表征。然后将其安装在光束线中,并使用X射线束再次进行校准。在此,将描述该过程并比较两种不同的方法,着重说明这些差异以及可能的解释和改进。

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