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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Philosophical transactions. Series A Mathematical physical and engineering sciences >From evidence to understanding: a commentary on Fisher (1922) ‘On the mathematical foundations of theoretical statistics’
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From evidence to understanding: a commentary on Fisher (1922) ‘On the mathematical foundations of theoretical statistics’

机译：从证据到理解：Fisher（1922）的评论论理论统计的数学基础

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摘要

The nature of statistics has changed over time. It was originally concerned with descriptive ‘matters of state’—with summarizing population numbers, economic strength and social conditions. But during the course of the twentieth century its aim broadened to include inference—how to use data to shed light on underlying mechanisms, about what might happen in the future, about what would happen if certain actions were taken. Central to this development was Ronald Fisher. Over the course of his life he was responsible for many of the major conceptual advances in statistics. This is particularly illustrated by his 1922 paper, in which he introduced many of the concepts which remain fundamental to our understanding of how to extract meaning from data, right to the present day. It is no exaggeration to say that Fisher's work, as illustrated by the ideas he described and developed in this paper, underlies all modern science, and much more besides. This commentary was written to celebrate the 350th anniversary of the journal Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society.
机译：统计的性质已随着时间而改变。它最初与描述性的“国家事项”有关，即概述了人口数量，经济实力和社会状况。但是，在20世纪的过程中，其目标范围扩大到包括推论，即如何使用数据阐明潜在的机制，未来可能发生的情况，如果采取某些行动将会发生的情况。罗纳德·费希尔（Ronald Fisher）是这一发展的核心。在他的一生中，他负责统计领域的许多重大概念进步。他在1922年的论文中特别说明了这一点，他在其中介绍了许多概念，这些概念对于我们直到现在才了解如何从数据中提取含义仍然是基础。毫不夸张地说，费舍尔的工作，正如他在本文中描述和发展的思想所说明的那样，是所有现代科学的基础，此外还有更多。这篇评论是为庆祝《皇家学会哲学交易》发表350周年而写的。

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