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Spontaneous Metacognition in Rhesus Monkeys

机译:恒河猴的自发元认知

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摘要

Metacognition is the ability to think about thinking. Although monitoring and controlling one’s knowledge is a key feature of human cognition, its evolutionary origins are debated. In the current study, we examined whether rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta; N = 120) could make metacognitive inferences in a one-shot decision. Each monkey experienced one of four conditions, observing a human appearing to hide a food reward in an apparatus consisting of either one or two tubes. The monkeys tended to search the correct location when they observed this baiting event, but engaged in information seeking—by peering into a center location where they could check both potential hiding spots—if their view had been occluded and information seeking was possible. The monkeys only occasionally approached the center when information seeking was not possible. These results show that monkeys spontaneously use information about their own knowledge states to solve naturalistic foraging problems, and thus provide the first evidence that nonhumans exhibit information-seeking responses in situations with which they have no prior experience.
机译:元认知是思考的能力。尽管监视和控制一个人的知识是人类认知的关键特征,但它的进化起源仍在争论中。在当前的研究中,我们检查了恒河猴(猕猴; N = 120)是否可以一口气做出元认知推理。每只猴子都经历了四种状况中的一种,观察到人类似乎在用一个或两个试管组成的装置中隐藏了食物奖励。当猴子观察到诱饵事件时,它们往往会寻找正确的位置,但是如果他们的视线被遮挡并且可以进行信息搜索,则他们会窥视一个可以检查两个潜在藏身点的中心位置,从而进行信息搜索。猴子仅在无法进行信息搜索时才偶尔走近中心。这些结果表明,猴子自发地使用有关其自身知识状态的信息来解决自然觅食问题,从而提供了第一个证据,即非人在没有先验经验的情况下表现出寻求信息的反应。

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