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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Philosophical transactions. Series A Mathematical physical and engineering sciences >The Rosetta mission orbiter science overview: the comet phase
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The Rosetta mission orbiter science overview: the comet phase

机译：罗塞塔任务轨道器科学概述：彗星阶段

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The international Rosetta mission was launched in 2004 and consists of the orbiter spacecraft Rosetta and the lander Philae. The aim of the mission is to map the comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko by remote sensing, and to examine its environment in situ and its evolution in the inner Solar System. Rosetta was the first spacecraft to rendezvous with and orbit a comet, accompanying it as it passes through the inner Solar System, and to deploy a lander, Philae, and perform in situ science on the comet's surface. The primary goals of the mission were to: characterize the comet's nucleus; examine the chemical, mineralogical and isotopic composition of volatiles and refractories; examine the physical properties and interrelation of volatiles and refractories in a cometary nucleus; study the development of cometary activity and the processes in the surface layer of the nucleus and in the coma; detail the origin of comets, the relationship between cometary and interstellar material and the implications for the origin of the Solar System; and characterize asteroids 2867 Steins and 21 Lutetia. This paper presents a summary of mission operations and science, focusing on the Rosetta orbiter component of the mission during its comet phase, from early 2014 up to September 2016.This article is part of the themed issue ‘Cometary science after Rosetta’.
机译：罗塞塔国际飞行任务于2004年发射，由轨道飞行器罗塞塔和着陆器菲莱组成。该任务的目的是通过遥感对67P / Churyumov–Gerasimenko彗星进行测绘，并检查其原位环境及其在内部太阳系中的演化。罗塞塔（Rosetta）是第一个与彗星交会并绕行的航天器，它伴随着它穿过内部太阳系，并部署了着陆器Philae，并在彗星表面进行了原位科学。该任务的主要目标是：表征彗星的核；检查挥发物和耐火材料的化学，矿物学和同位素组成；检查彗核中挥发物和耐火材料的物理性质以及相互关系；研究彗星活动的发展以及核表面层和昏迷的过程；详细介绍彗星的起源，彗星和星际物质之间的关系以及对太阳系起源的影响；并描述了小行星2867 Steins和21 Lutetia。本文提供了任务运行和科学的摘要，重点是从2014年初到2016年9月彗星阶段的任务中的罗塞塔轨道器组成部分。本文是主题为“罗塞塔之后的彗星科学”的一部分。

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