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Rethinking Speed Theories of Cognitive Development: Increasing the Rate of Recall Without Affecting Accuracy

机译:重新思考认知发展的速度理论:在不影响准确性的情况下提高召回率

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摘要

Researchers have suggested that developmental improvements in immediate recall stem from increases in the speed of mental processes. However, that inference has depended on evidence from correlation, regression, and structural equation modeling. We provide counterexamples in two experiments in which the speed of spoken recall is manipulated. In one experiment, second-grade children and adults recalled lists of digits more quickly than usual when the lists were presented at a rapid rate of 2 items per second (items/s). In a second experiment, children received lists at a 1 item/s rate but half of them were successfully trained to respond more quickly than usual, and similar to adults' usual rate. Recall accuracy was completely unaffected by either of these response-speed manipulations. Although response rate is a strong marker of an individual's maturational level, it thus does not appear to determine immediate recall. There are important implications for developmental methodology.
机译:研究人员认为,即时记忆的发展改善源于心理过程速度的提高。但是,该推论依赖于相关性,回归和结构方程模型的证据。我们在两个实验中提供了反例,在这些实验中,口语​​回想的速度得到了控制。在一项实验中,当以每秒2个项目(项目/秒)的速度显示清单时,二等儿童和成人比通常更快地回忆数字列表。在第二个实验中,孩子们以1个项目/秒的速度收到列表,但是他们中有一半成功地接受了训练,能够比平常更快地做出反应,并且与成年人的平常速度相似。召回准确性完全不受这些响应速度操纵的影响。尽管回应率是一个人成熟水平的重要标志,但它似乎并不能决定立即召回。发展方法学具有重要意义。

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