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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Molecular Biology and Evolution >Multiple Polyploidization Events across Asteraceae with Two Nested Events in the Early History Revealed by Nuclear Phylogenomics
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Multiple Polyploidization Events across Asteraceae with Two Nested Events in the Early History Revealed by Nuclear Phylogenomics

机译：核系统生理学揭示了整个菊科的多倍体化事件和早期历史中的两个嵌套事件

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Biodiversity results from multiple evolutionary mechanisms, including genetic variation and natural selection. Whole-genome duplications (WGDs), or polyploidizations, provide opportunities for large-scale genetic modifications. Many evolutionarily successful lineages, including angiosperms and vertebrates, are ancient polyploids, suggesting that WGDs are a driving force in evolution. However, this hypothesis is challenged by the observed lower speciation and higher extinction rates of recently formed polyploids than diploids. Asteraceae includes about 10% of angiosperm species, is thus undoubtedly one of the most successful lineages and paleopolyploidization was suggested early in this family using a small number of datasets. Here, we used genes from 64 new transcriptome datasets and others to reconstruct a robust Asteraceae phylogeny, covering 73 species from 18 tribes in six subfamilies. We estimated their divergence times and further identified multiple potential ancient WGDs within several tribes and shared by the Heliantheae alliance, core Asteraceae (Asteroideae–Mutisioideae), and also with the sister family Calyceraceae. For two of the WGD events, there were subsequent great increases in biodiversity; the older one proceeded the divergence of at least 10 subfamilies within 10 My, with great variation in morphology and physiology, whereas the other was followed by extremely high species richness in the Heliantheae alliance clade. Our results provide different evidence for several WGDs in Asteraceae and reveal distinct association among WGD events, dramatic changes in environment and species radiations, providing a possible scenario for polyploids to overcome the disadvantages of WGDs and to evolve into lineages with high biodiversity.
机译：生物多样性来自多种进化机制，包括遗传变异和自然选择。全基因组重复（WGD）或多倍体化为大规模遗传修饰提供了机会。许多进化成功的谱系，包括被子植物和脊椎动物，都是古老的多倍体，表明WGD是进化的驱动力。然而，这一假设受到观察到的新形成的多倍体比二倍体低的物种形成和更高的灭绝率所挑战。菊科包括约10％的被子植物，因此无疑是最成功的谱系之一，早在该家族中就已建议使用少量数据集进行古多倍体化。在这里，我们使用了来自64个新的转录组数据集的基因，以及其他基因组来构建强大的菊科系统发育，涵盖了六个亚科中来自18个部落的73种。我们估计了它们的发散时间，并进一步在几个部落中发现了多个潜在的古代WGD，并由Heliantheae联盟，核心紫ster科（Asteroideae–Mutisioideaeae）以及姐妹科Ca​​lyceraceae共享。在两次WGD活动中，生物多样性随后都有大量增加；年龄较大的一个在10 My内进行了至少10个亚科的分化，其形态和生理差异很大，而另一个则在向日葵联盟进化枝中具有极高的物种丰富度。我们的结果为菊科中的几种WGD提供了不同的证据，并揭示了WGD事件，环境和物种辐射的剧烈变化之间存在明显的关联，为多倍体克服WGD的不利条件并演变为具有高生物多样性的谱系提供了可能的场景。

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