【2h】

Geometric methods for optimal sensor design

机译:优化传感器设计的几何方法

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摘要

The Kalman–Bucy filter is the optimal estimator of the state of a linear dynamical system from sensor measurements. Because its performance is limited by the sensors to which it is paired, it is natural to seek optimal sensors. The resulting optimization problem is however non-convex. Therefore, many ad hoc methods have been used over the years to design sensors in fields ranging from engineering to biology to economics. We show in this paper how to obtain optimal sensors for the Kalman filter. Precisely, we provide a structural equation that characterizes optimal sensors. We furthermore provide a gradient algorithm and prove its convergence to the optimal sensor. This optimal sensor yields the lowest possible estimation error for measurements with a fixed signal-to-noise ratio. The results of the paper are proved by reducing the optimal sensor problem to an optimization problem on a Grassmannian manifold and proving that the function to be minimized is a Morse function with a unique minimum. The results presented here also apply to the dual problem of optimal actuator design.
机译:Kalman–Bucy滤波器是根据传感器测量得出的线性动力学系统状态的最佳估计器。由于其性能受到与其配对的传感器的限制,因此寻求最佳传感器是很自然的。但是,由此产生的优化问题是非凸的。因此,多年来,已经使用了许多临时方法来设计从工程,生物学到经济学领域的传感器。我们在本文中展示了如何为卡尔曼滤波器获得最佳传感器。准确地说,我们提供了表征最佳传感器的结构方程。我们还提供了一种梯度算法,并证明了其与最优传感器的收敛性。对于具有固定信噪比的测量,这种最佳传感器可产生最低的估计误差。通过将最佳传感器问题简化为格拉斯曼流形上的优化问题,并证明要最小化的函数是具有唯一最小值的莫尔斯函数,证明了本文的结果。这里介绍的结果也适用于最佳执行器设计的双重问题。

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