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Predicting bioavailability change of complex chemical mixtures in contaminated soils using visible and near-infrared spectroscopy and random forest regression

机译:使用可见和近红外光谱法和随机森林回归预测污染土壤中复杂化学混合物的生物利用度变化

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摘要

A number of studies have shown that visible and near infrared spectroscopy (VIS-NIRS) offers a rapid on-site measurement tool for the determination of total contaminant concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons compounds (PHC), heavy metals and metalloids (HM) in soil. However none of them have yet assessed the feasibility of using VIS-NIRS coupled to random forest (RF) regression for determining both the total and bioavailable concentrations of complex chemical mixtures. Results showed that the predictions of the total concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), PHC, and alkanes (ALK) were very good, good and fair, and in contrast, the predictions of the bioavailable concentrations of the PAH and PHC were only fair, and poor for ALK. A large number of trace elements, mainly lead (Pb), aluminium (Al), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) were predicted with very good or good accuracy. The prediction results of the total HMs were also better than those of the bioavailable concentrations. Overall, the results demonstrate that VIS-NIR DRS coupled to RF is a promising rapid measurement tool to inform both the distribution and bioavailability of complex chemical mixtures without the need of collecting soil samples and lengthy extraction for further analysis.
机译:大量研究表明,可见光和近红外光谱(VIS-NIRS)提供了一种快速的现场测量工具,用于确定土壤中石油烃化合物(PHC),重金属和准金属(HM)的总污染物浓度。然而,他们都还没有评估使用VIS-NIRS结合随机森林(RF)回归来确定复杂化学混合物的总浓度和生物利用度的可行性。结果表明,对多环芳烃(PAH),PHC和烷烃(ALK)的总浓度的预测非常好,良好和合理,相反,对PAH和PHC的生物有效性浓度的预测仅是合理的,对于ALK而言效果不佳。预测到的痕量元素非常好或非常好,主要是铅(Pb),铝(Al),镍(Ni),铬(Cr),镉(Cd),铁(Fe)和锌(Zn) 。总HMs的预测结果也优于生物可利用浓度的预测结果。总体而言,结果表明,将VIS-NIR DRS与RF耦合是一种很有前途的快速测量工具,无需收集土壤样品和冗长的提取物就可以进行分析,从而告知复杂的化学混合物的分布和生物利用度。

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