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GIS and AHP Techniques Based Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zones: a case study from Southern Western Ghats India

机译：基于GIS和AHP技术的地下水潜在区划：印度南部西高止山脉的案例研究

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Over-exploitation of groundwater and marked changes in climate over the years have imposed immense pressure on the global groundwater resources. As demand of potable water increases across the globe for human consumption, agriculture and industrial uses, the need to evaluate the groundwater potential and productivity of aquifers also increases. In the recent years, geographic information system based studies have gained much prominence in groundwater exploration because it is rapid and will provide first - hand information on the resource for further developments. Therefore, the present study has been undertaken with an objective to delineate the groundwater potential of a small tropical river basin located in the western side of the Western Ghats in India as an example. A combination of geographical information system and analytical hierarchical process techniques (AHP) was used in the present study. A total of 12 thematic layers such as Geology, Geomorphology, Land Use/Land Cover, Lineament density, Drainage density, Rainfall, Soil, Slope, Roughness, Topographic Wetness Index, Topographic Position Index and Curvature were prepared and studied for groundwater potential zone demarcation. Weights assigned to each class in all the thematic maps are based on their characteristics and water potential capacity through AHP method. The accuracy of the output was cross-validated with information on groundwater prospects of the area and the overall accuracy of the method comes to around 85%. The groundwater potential zone map thus obtained was categorized into five classes-very high, high, moderate, low and very low. The study reveals that about 59% of the river basin is covered under moderate groundwater potential zone. The low and high groundwater potential zones are observed in 29% and 11% respectively. Area under very high and very low potential zones are recorded only in very limited areas in the basin.
机译：多年来，地下水的过度开采和气候的明显变化对全球地下水资源施加了巨大压力。随着全球对人类消费，农业和工业用途的饮用水需求增加，评估地下水潜力和含水层生产力的需求也增加了。近年来，基于地理信息系统的研究已经在地下水勘探中获得了很大的关注，因为它是快速的并且将为进一步开发提供有关资源的第一手信息。因此，本研究的目的是以印度西高止山脉西侧的热带小流域的地下水潜力为例。本研究使用了地理信息系统和层次分析技术（AHP）的组合。总共准备了12个主题层，例如地质学，地貌学，土地利用/土地覆盖，线质密度，排水密度，降雨，土壤，坡度，粗糙度，地形湿度指数，地形位置指数和曲率，并研究了地下水潜在区划。所有主题图中每个类别的权重均基于它们的特征和通过AHP方法得出的水势能力。该输出的准确性已与该地区地下水前景的信息进行了交叉验证，该方法的整体准确性约为85％。由此获得的地下水潜在地带图分为五类-高，高，中，低和非常低。研究表明，流域约有59％被中等地下水潜力区覆盖。地下水的低水位带和高水位带分别占29％和11％。仅在盆地中非常有限的区域中记录了极高和极低电位区域下的区域。

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