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Seasonal Deposition and Lifting of Dust on Mars as Observed by the Curiosity Rover

机译：好奇号流浪者观察到的火星上的季节性沉积和扬尘

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In situ measurements by the Curiosity rover provide a unique opportunity for studying the effects of dust on assets placed at the surface of Mars. Here we use in situ measurements of solar UV radiation to quantify the seasonal and interannual variability of dust accumulation on the sensor on the rover deck. We show that the amount of dust accumulated on the sensor follows a seasonal cycle, with net dust removal during the perihelion season until Ls ~ 300°, and net dust deposition until the end of the aphelion season (Ls ~ 300°–180°). We use independent in situ measurements of atmospheric opacity and pressure perturbations in combination with numerical modeling, showing that daytime convective vortices and nighttime winds are likely responsible for the seasonal dust cleaning, with the role of nighttime wind being more important in Martian Year (MY) 32 than in MY 33 and that of daytime convective vortices being more important in MY 33 than in MY 32. The fact that the UV sensor is cleaner in MY 33 than in MY 32 indicates that natural cleaning events make solar energy an excellent candidate to power extended (multiannual) Mars missions at similar latitudes as the Curiosity rover.
机译：“好奇号”流动站进行的现场测量为研究尘埃对火星表面资产的影响提供了独特的机会。在这里，我们使用太阳紫外线辐射的原位测量来量化漫游车甲板上传感器上灰尘积聚的季节和年际变化。我们显示，传感器上积聚的灰尘量遵循一个季节性周期，在近日起直到Ls〜300°期间净清除尘埃，而直到ph虫季节结束（Ls〜300°–180°）才清除净尘埃。我们使用独立的原地测量大气不透明度和压力扰动并结合数值模型，表明白天对流涡流和夜间风可能是季节性除尘的原因，而夜间风的作用在火星年（MY）更为重要32比MY 33和白天对流涡流在MY 33中比在MY 32中更为重要。MY33中的紫外线传感器比MY 32中的紫外线传感器清洁的事实表明，自然清洁事件使太阳能成为极好的动力来源在与“好奇号”火星车相似的纬度下扩展了（每年一次）火星任务。

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