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PID/WAG-mediated phosphorylation of the Arabidopsis PIN3 auxin transporter mediates polarity switches during gravitropism

机译:PID / WAG介导的拟南芥PIN3植物生长素转运蛋白的磷酸化在重力作用下介导极性转换

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摘要

Intercellular distribution of the plant hormone auxin largely depends on the polar subcellular distribution of the plasma membrane PIN-FORMED (PIN) auxin transporters. PIN polarity switches in response to different developmental and environmental signals have been shown to redirect auxin fluxes mediating certain developmental responses. PIN phosphorylation at different sites and by different kinases is crucial for PIN function. Here we investigate the role of PIN phosphorylation during gravitropic response. Loss- and gain-of-function mutants in PINOID and related kinases but not in D6PK kinase as well as mutations mimicking constitutive dephosphorylated or phosphorylated status of two clusters of predicted phosphorylation sites partially disrupted PIN3 phosphorylation and caused defects in gravitropic bending in roots and hypocotyls. In particular, they impacted PIN3 polarity rearrangements in response to gravity and during feed-back regulation by auxin itself. Thus PIN phosphorylation, besides regulating transport activity and apical-basal targeting, is also important for the rapid polarity switches in response to environmental and endogenous signals.
机译:植物激素生长素的细胞间分布在很大程度上取决于质膜PIN-FORMED(PIN)生长素转运蛋白的极性亚细胞分布。 PIN极性开关响应于不同的发育和环境信号已显示可重定向介导某些发育响应的生长素通量。 PIN在不同位点和通过不同激酶的磷酸化对于PIN功能至关重要。在这里,我们研究了重力反应中PIN磷酸化的作用。 PINOID和相关激酶中功能丧失和获得功能的突变体,但D6PK激酶中不存在,以及模拟两个预测的磷酸化位点簇的组成型去磷酸化或磷酸化状态的突变,部分破坏了PIN3磷酸化并导致根和下胚轴的重力弯曲缺陷。尤其是,它们响应于重力以及在生长素自身的反馈调节过程中影响了PIN3极性重排。因此,PIN磷酸化除了调节转运活性和根尖靶向外,对于响应环境和内源信号的快速极性转换也很重要。

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