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Virus-host relationships of marine single-celled eukaryotes resolved from metatranscriptomics

机译:从元转录组学解决海洋单细胞真核生物的病毒-宿主关系

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摘要

Establishing virus–host relationships has historically relied on culture-dependent approaches. Here we report on the use of marine metatranscriptomics to probe virus–host relationships. Statistical co-occurrence analyses of dsDNA, ssRNA and dsRNA viral markers of polyadenylation-selected RNA sequences from microbial communities dominated by Aureococcus anophagefferens (Quantuck Bay, NY), and diatoms (Narragansett Bay, RI) show active infections by diverse giant viruses (NCLDVs) associated with algal and nonalgal hosts. Ongoing infections of A. anophagefferens by a known Mimiviridae (AaV) occur during bloom peak and decline. Bloom decline is also accompanied by increased activity of viruses other than AaV, including (+) ssRNA viruses. In Narragansett Bay, increased temporal resolution reveals active NCLDVs with both ‘boom-and-bust’ and ‘steady-state infection’-like ecologies that include known as well as novel virus–host interactions. Our approach offers a method for screening active viral infections and develops links between viruses and their potential hosts in situ. Our observations further demonstrate that previously unknown virus–host relationships in marine systems are abundant.
机译:建立病毒与宿主之间的关系在历史上一直依赖于依赖文化的方法。在这里,我们报道了利用海洋转录组学研究病毒与宿主之间的关系。对由嗜食性金黄色葡萄球菌(纽约州Quantuck Bay)和硅藻(纳拉甘西特湾,RI)主导的微生物群落中的多腺苷酸化选择的RNA序列的dsDNA,ssRNA和dsRNA病毒标记进行统计共现分析,显示了多种巨人病毒(NCLDVs)的主动感染)与藻类和非藻类宿主相关。在开花高峰和下降期间,已知的拟南芥科病毒(AaV)持续感染嗜食曲霉。布卢姆下降还伴随着除AaV以外的其他病毒(包括(+)ssRNA病毒)的活性增加。在纳拉甘西特湾,时间分辨率的提高揭示了活跃的NCLDV具有“繁荣与萧条”和“稳态感染”之类的生态,包括已知的和新型的病毒-宿主相互作用。我们的方法提供了一种筛选活跃病毒感染的方法,并在病毒与其潜在宿主之间建立了联系。我们的观察结果进一步表明,海洋系统中以前未知的病毒与宿主之间的关系十分丰富。

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