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The compositional and nano-structural basis of fracture healing in healthy and osteoporotic bone

机译：健康和骨质疏松性骨骨折愈合的组成和纳米结构基础

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Osteoporosis, a prevalent metabolic bone disorder, predisposes individuals to increased susceptibility to fractures. It is also, somewhat controversially, thought to delay or impair the regenerative response. Using high-resolution Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and small/wide-angle X-ray scattering we sought to answer the following questions: Does the molecular composition and the nano-structure in the newly regenerated bone differ between healthy and osteoporotic environments? And how do pharmacological treatments, such as bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7) alone or synergistically combined with zoledronate (ZA), alter callus composition and nano-structure in such environments? Cumulatively, on the basis of compositional and nano-structural characterizations of newly formed bone in an open-osteotomy rat model, the healing response in untreated healthy and ovariectomy-induced osteoporotic environments was fundamentally the same. However, the BMP-7 induced osteogenic response resulted in greater heterogeneity in the nano-structural crystal dimensions and this effect was more pronounced with osteoporosis. ZA mitigated the effects of the upregulated catabolism induced by both BMP-7 and an osteoporotic bone environment. The findings contribute to our understanding of how the repair processes in healthy and osteoporotic bone differ in both untreated and treated contexts and the data presented represents the most comprehensive study of fracture healing at the nanoscale undertaken to date.
机译：骨质疏松症是一种普遍的代谢性骨疾病，使个体更易发生骨折。也有人认为，它延迟或损害了再生反应。我们使用高分辨率傅里叶变换红外光谱和小/广角X射线散射来回答以下问题：在健康和骨质疏松的环境中，新再生的骨骼中的分子组成和纳米结构是否有所不同？在这种环境中，单独使用骨形态发生蛋白7（BMP-7）或与唑来膦酸盐（ZA）协同组合进行药物治疗如何改变愈伤组织的组成和纳米结构？累积地，基于开放式骨切开术大鼠模型中新形成的骨骼的组成和纳米结构特征，在未经治疗的健康和卵巢切除术诱发的骨质疏松环境中的愈合反应基本相同。然而，BMP-7诱导的成骨反应导致纳米结构晶体尺寸更大的异质性，并且这种作用在骨质疏松症中更加明显。 ZA减轻了BMP-7和骨质疏松性骨环境诱导的分解代谢上调的影响。这些发现有助于我们了解健康和骨质疏松性骨的修复过程在未治疗和已治疗的情况下如何不同，并且所提供的数据代表了迄今为止对纳米级骨折愈合进行的最全面的研究。

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