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Potential health risk of heavy metals in the leather manufacturing industries in Sialkot Pakistan

机译：巴基斯坦锡亚尔科特皮革制造业中重金属的潜在健康风险

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This is a systematical report on the potential health risk of heavy metals from the leather industries in Pakistan based on multiple biological matrices of the exposed workers and indoor dust samples. The adverse impacts of heavy metals on the oxidative enzyme and their risks to workers’ health were also explored. Our results indicated that the level of Cr in indoor industrial dust was more than twice, compared to the background household dust. Blood, urine and hair samples of exposed workers showed significantly high concentrations of heavy metals, compared to those in the control group. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) level in the blood samples expressed significant positive correlation with Cr and Ni. Total hazard quotients (HQs)/hazard index (HI) were >1, and Cr (VI) exhibited higher cancer risks than that of Cd in the exposed workers. In addition, the PCA-MLR analysis confirmed that the industrial sections; cutting, shivering/crusting, and stitching were the principal contributors of heavy metals in the biological entities of the workers. Taken together, our results highlighted the occupationally exposed groups would likely to experience the potential health risks due to excessive exposure to the heavy metals from the leather industries.
机译：这是一份系统报告，该报告基于暴露工人的多种生物基质和室内粉尘样本，对巴基斯坦皮革行业中重金属的潜在健康风险进行了分析。还探讨了重金属对氧化酶的不利影响及其对工人健康的危害。我们的结果表明，与背景家用粉尘相比，室内工业粉尘中的Cr含量高出两倍以上。与对照组相比，裸露工人的血液，尿液和头发样本显示出高浓度的重金属。血样中的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）水平与Cr和Ni呈显着正相关。在暴露的工人中，总危险商（HQs）/危险指数（HI）大于1，并且Cr（VI）的患癌风险高于Cd。另外，PCA-MLR分析证实了工业部门；切割，发抖/结皮和缝合是工人生物实体中重金属的主要来源。综上所述，我们的结果强调，由于皮革行业对重金属的过度暴露，职业接触人群可能会面临潜在的健康风险。

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