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Synthesis of pincer-type extractants for selective extraction of palladium from PGMs: An improved liquid-liquid extraction approach to current refining processes

机译:用于从PGM中选择性萃取钯的钳型萃取剂的合成:一种改进的液-液萃取方法用于当前的精制工艺

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摘要

SCS pincer ligands >1–>4 were synthesised, and their ability to extract Pd(II) from HCl and HNO3 media was studied. The Pd(II) extraction properties of >1–>4 were compared with those of commercial extractants (DOS and LIX®84-I) in kerosene. >1 and >2 showed superior Pd(II) extractability (E% = 99.9) relative to DOS and LIX®84-I from 0.1–8.0 M HCl and to DOS from 0.1–8.0 M HNO3 and mixed HCl + HNO3 media. The Pd(II) extraction rate, acid durability, the most suitable organic/aqueous (O/A) phase ratio, and Pd(II) loading capacity of extractants >1, >2, and DOS were evaluated. >1 and >2 exhibited a greater Pd(II) extraction rate and Pd(II) loading capacity than DOS. >1 was very stable in acid media (HCl and HCl + HNO3), whereas >2 and DOS deteriorated in HCl + HNO3. Selective extraction of Pd(II) by >1 and >2 was achieved from a mixed solution containing Pd, Pt, Rh, rare metals, and base metal ions that simulated the leach liquors of automotive catalysts. The back extraction of Pd(II) and reusability of extractants >1 and >2 were studied. The Pd(II) extraction mechanism of >1–>4 was investigated using FT-IR, UV-visible, and NMR spectroscopy.
机译:合成了SCS钳形配体> 1 – > 4 ,并研究了它们从HCl和HNO3介质中萃取Pd(II)的能力。比较了在煤油中> 1 – > 4 的Pd(II)萃取性能与市售萃取剂(DOS和LIX ® 84-I)的萃取性能。 > 1 和> 2 从0.1–8.0相对于DOS和LIX ® 84-I显示出更高的Pd(II)可萃取性(E%= 99.9)。 M HCl,然后从0.1–8.0 M HNO3到DOS,并混合HCl + HNO3介质。萃取剂的Pd(II)萃取率,酸耐久性,最合适的有机/水(O / A)相比和Pd(II)负载量> 1 ,> 2 ,并评估了DOS。 > 1 和> 2 与DOS相比,具有更高的Pd(II)提取率和Pd(II)负载量。 > 1 在酸性介质(HCl和HCl + HNO3)中非常稳定,而> 2 和DOS在HCl + HNO3中变差。从包含模拟浸出液的Pd,Pt,Rh,稀有金属和贱金属离子的混合溶液中,通过> 1 和> 2 选择性萃取Pd(II)。汽车催化剂。研究了Pd(II)的反萃取和萃取剂> 1 和> 2 的可重用性。使用FT-IR,UV-可见光和NMR光谱研究了> 1 – > 4 的Pd(II)萃取机理。

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