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Genome-wide study of an elite rice pedigree reveals a complex history of genetic architecture for breeding improvement

机译:全基因组研究对一个优秀水稻谱系的研究揭示了一个复杂的遗传结构历史可用于育种改良

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摘要

Improving breeding has been widely utilized in crop breeding and contributed to yield and quality improvement, yet few researches have been done to analyze genetic architecture underlying breeding improvement comprehensively. Here, we collected genotype and phenotype data of 99 cultivars from the complete pedigree including Huanghuazhan, an elite, high-quality, conventional indica rice that has been grown over 4.5 million hectares in southern China and from which more than 20 excellent cultivars have been derived. We identified 1,313 selective sweeps (SSWs) revealing four stage-specific selection patterns corresponding to improvement preference during 65 years, and 1113 conserved Huanghuazhan traceable blocks (cHTBs) introduced from different donors and conserved in >3 breeding generations were the core genomic regions for superior performance of Huanghuazhan. Based on 151 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) identified for 13 improved traits in the pedigree, we reproduced their improvement process in silico, highlighting improving breeding works well for traits controlled by major/major + minor effect QTLs, but was inefficient for traits controlled by QTLs with complex interactions or explaining low levels of phenotypic variation. These results indicate long-term breeding improvement is efficient to construct superior genetic architecture for elite performance, yet molecular breeding with designed genotype of QTLs can facilitate complex traits improvement.
机译:改良育种已被广泛用于农作物育种,并为提高产量和质量做出了贡献,但很少进行研究来全面分析构成育种改良基础的遗传结构。在这里,我们从完整的谱系中收集了99个品种的基因型和表型数据,其中包括黄花站,这是一种优质的优质常规in稻,已在中国南方种植了450万公顷以上的土地,并从中衍生了20多个优良品种。我们确定了1,313个选择性扫描(SSW),揭示了65年内对应于改良偏好的四个阶段特定的选择模式,以及1113个从不同供体引入并保存在> 3个育种世代中的保守的黄花展可追溯块(cHTB),是上等优势的核心基因组区域。黄花展的表现。基于谱系中确定的13个改良性状的151个数量性状基因座(QTL),我们在计算机上复制了它们的改良过程,强调了改良育种对受主要/主要+次要效应QTL控制的性状表现良好,但对受其控制的性状效率低下QTL具有复杂的相互作用或解释了低水平的表型变异。这些结果表明,长期育种改良可以有效地构建出优良的遗传结构,从而实现优良的性能,而具有设计的QTL基因型的分子育种可以促进复杂性状的改良。

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