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Breakthrough osmosis and unusually high power densities in Pressure-Retarded Osmosis in non-ideally semi-permeable supported membranes

机译:非理想的半透性支撑膜中的突破渗透和压力延迟渗透中异常高的功率密度

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摘要

Osmosis is the movement of solvent across a membrane induced by a solute-concentration gradient. It is very important for cell biology. Recently, it has started finding technological applications in the emerging processes of Forward Osmosis and Pressure-Retarded Osmosis. They use ultrathin and dense membranes supported mechanically by much thicker porous layers. Until now, these processes have been modelled by assuming the membrane to be ideally-semipermeable. We show theoretically that allowing for even minor deviations from ideal semipermeability to solvent can give rise to a previously overlooked mode of “breakthrough” osmosis. Here the rate of osmosis is very large (compared to the conventional mode) and practically unaffected by the so-called Internal Concentration Polarization. In Pressure-Retarded Osmosis, the power densities can easily exceed the conventional mode by one order of magnitude. Much more robust support layers can be used, which is an important technical advantage (reduced membrane damage) in Pressure-Retarded Osmosis.
机译:渗透是溶质浓度梯度引起的溶剂在膜上的运动。这对于细胞生物学非常重要。最近,它已经开始在正向渗透和压力延迟渗透的新兴过程中发现技术应用。他们使用超薄且致密的膜,该膜由厚得多的多孔层机械支撑。到目前为止,通过假设膜为理想的半透膜来模拟这些过程。我们从理论上证明,允许从理想的半渗透性到溶剂的微小偏差都会导致以前被忽略的“突破性”渗透模式。在这里,渗透率非常大(与传统模式相比),并且实际上不受所谓的内部浓度极化的影响。在压力延迟渗透中,功率密度很容易超过常规模式一个数量级。可以使用更多坚固的支撑层,这是阻滞渗透的重要技术优势(减少了膜损坏)。

著录项

  • 期刊名称 Scientific Reports
  • 作者

    Andriy Yaroshchuk;

  • 作者单位
  • 年(卷),期 -1(7),-1
  • 年度 -1
  • 页码 45168
  • 总页数 10
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种
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