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Fire carbon emissions over maritime southeast Asia in 2015 largest since 1997

机译:2015年东南亚海域火灾的碳排放量是1997年以来最大的

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摘要

In September and October 2015 widespread forest and peatland fires burned over large parts of maritime southeast Asia, most notably Indonesia, releasing large amounts of terrestrially-stored carbon into the atmosphere, primarily in the form of CO2, CO and CH4. With a mean emission rate of 11.3 Tg CO2 per day during Sept-Oct 2015, emissions from these fires exceeded the fossil fuel CO2 release rate of the European Union (EU28) (8.9 Tg CO2 per day). Although seasonal fires are a frequent occurrence in the human modified landscapes found in Indonesia, the extent of the 2015 fires was greatly inflated by an extended drought period associated with a strong El Niño. We estimate carbon emissions from the 2015 fires to be the largest seen in maritime southeast Asia since those associated with the record breaking El Niño of 1997. Compared to that event, a much better constrained regional total carbon emission estimate can be made for the 2015 fires through the use of present-day satellite observations of the fire’s radiative power output and atmospheric CO concentrations, processed using the modelling and assimilation framework of the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) and combined with unique in situ smoke measurements made on Kalimantan.
机译:2015年9月和10月,东南亚大部分海洋地区(尤其是印度尼西亚)发生了大面积的森林和泥炭地大火,主要以CO2,CO和CH4的形式向大气释放了大量陆地碳。在2015年9月期间,这些大火的平均排放量为每天11.3 Tg CO2,超过了欧盟(EU28)的化石燃料二氧化碳排放量(每天8.9 Tg CO2)。尽管在印度尼西亚发现的人工改造景观中经常发生季节性火灾,但由于厄尔尼诺现象严重,干旱时间延长,2015年的火灾程度大大膨胀。我们估计,自1997年破纪录的厄尔尼诺现象以来,2015年大火的碳排放量是东南亚海域最大的。与那次事件相比,可以对2015年大火进行更严格的区域总碳排放量估算通过使用当今对火的辐射功率输出和大气中CO浓度的卫星观测,使用哥白尼大气监测局(CAMS)的建模和同化框架进行处理,并结合在加里曼丹进行的独特的现场烟尘测量。

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