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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Scientific Reports >Land Invasion by the Mudskipper Periophthalmodon septemradiatus in Fresh and Saline Waters of the Mekong River
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Land Invasion by the Mudskipper Periophthalmodon septemradiatus in Fresh and Saline Waters of the Mekong River

机译：湄公河淡水和咸水域的MudskipperPeriophthalmodon septemradiatusus入侵土地

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摘要

There has been a long-standing controversy about whether vertebrates emerged in the Paleozoic from marine or freshwater environments. Several hypotheses have proposed coastal, estuarine and riparian areas as sites of the transition. Here, we report the ecology of an amphibious fish Periophthalmodon septemradiatus, which we presume is in the process of niche expansion into terrestrial habitats from estuarine to freshwater environments along the Mekong River, Vietnam. Adult fish are highly terrestrial and have not been observed to venture into water during our survey. Courtship behaviour was observed, and fertilised eggs were recovered from burrows in both brackish and freshwater environments. The smallest fish collected at 12, 96, and 148 km from the river mouth were juveniles shortly after starting an amphibious life. These findings suggest reproduction in both brackish and freshwater environments. In contrast, otolith Sr:Ca ratio indicates larval hatching only in brackish water. Analysis of a 940-base pair (bp) segment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit II and a 934-bp segment of the mitochondrial D-loop demonstrated no genetic segregation between populations. The fish may provide a unique opportunity to study how ambient salinity affects the biology and ecology of a living vertebrate during transition from water to land.
机译：关于脊椎动物是从海洋环境还是淡水环境在古生代出现的，一直存在着长期的争议。一些假设提出了沿海，河口和河岸地区作为过渡地点。在这里，我们报告了两栖鱼类Periophthalmodon septemradiatus的生态，我们认为这是在生态位向越南湄公河沿河口到淡水环境的陆地生境扩展的过程中。成年鱼是高度陆生的，在我们的调查中未发现有成鱼涉水。在微咸水和淡水环境中，观察到了求偶行为，并且从洞穴中回收了受精卵。在开始两栖生活后不久，距离河口12、96和148 km处收集的最小鱼类是幼鱼。这些发现表明在淡水和淡水环境中都可以繁殖。相反，耳石Sr：Ca比值表明仅在微咸水中孵化出幼虫。线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶II的940个碱基对（bp）片段和线粒体D环的一个934 bp片段的分析表明，种群之间没有遗传隔离。这条鱼可能提供一个独特的机会来研究环境盐度在从水过渡到土地的过程中如何影响活体脊椎动物的生物学和生态。

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