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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Scientific Reports >Aspergillus fumigatus establishes infection in zebrafish by germination of phagocytized conidia while Aspergillus niger relies on extracellular germination
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Aspergillus fumigatus establishes infection in zebrafish by germination of phagocytized conidia while Aspergillus niger relies on extracellular germination

机译：烟曲霉通过吞噬分生孢子的萌发在斑马鱼中建立感染而黑曲霉则依赖细胞外萌发

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摘要

Among opportunistically pathogenic filamentous fungi of the Aspergillus genus, Aspergillus fumigatus stands out as a drastically more prevalent cause of infection than others. Utilizing the zebrafish embryo model, we applied a combination of non-invasive real-time imaging and genetic approaches to compare the infectious development of A. fumigatus with that of the less pathogenic A. niger. We found that both species evoke similar immune cell migratory responses, but A. fumigatus is more efficiently phagocytized than A. niger. Though efficiently phagocytized, A. fumigatus conidia retains the ability to germinate and form hyphae from inside macrophages leading to serious infection even at relatively low infectious burdens. By contrast, A. niger appears to rely on extracellular germination, and rapid hyphal growth to establish infection. Despite these differences in the mechanism of infection between the species, galactofuranose mutant strains of both A. fumigatus and A. niger display attenuated pathogenesis. However, deficiency in this cell wall component has a stronger impact on A. niger, which is dependent on rapid extracellular hyphal growth. In conclusion, we uncover differences in the interaction of the two fungal species with innate immune cells, noticeable from very early stages of infection, which drive a divergence in their route to establishing infections.
机译：在曲霉属的机会致病性丝状真菌中，烟曲霉是比其他曲霉菌更为严重的感染原因。利用斑马鱼胚胎模型，我们将无创实时成像和遗传方法相结合，比较了烟曲霉和低致病性黑曲霉的传染性。我们发现这两个物种都引起相似的免疫细胞迁移反应，但是烟曲霉比黑曲霉更有效地被吞噬。尽管被有效地吞噬了，但烟曲霉的分生孢子仍具有从巨噬细胞内部发芽并形成菌丝的能力，即使在相对较低的感染负担下也能导致严重的感染。相比之下，黑曲霉似乎依靠细胞外萌发和快速的菌丝生长来建立感染。尽管在物种之间的感染机理存在差异，但烟曲霉和 A 的半乳糖呋喃糖突变株。 niger 显示出减弱的发病机理。但是，这种细胞壁成分的缺乏对 A 的影响更大。 niger ，这取决于细胞外菌丝的快速生长。总之，我们发现了两种真菌与先天免疫细胞相互作用的差异，这种差异在感染的早期阶段就很明显，这导致它们建立感染途径的差异。

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