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Northward shift of the agricultural climate zone under 21st-century global climate change

机译:21世纪全球气候变化下农业气候区的北移

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摘要

As agricultural regions are threatened by climate change, warming of high latitude regions and increasing food demands may lead to northward expansion of global agriculture. While socio-economic demands and edaphic conditions may govern the expansion, climate is a key limiting factor. Extant literature on future crop projections considers established agricultural regions and is mainly temperature based. We employed growing degree days (GDD), as the physiological link between temperature and crop growth, to assess the global northward shift of agricultural climate zones under 21st-century climate change. Using ClimGen scenarios for seven global climate models (GCMs), based on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and transient GHGs, we delineated the future extent of GDD areas, feasible for small cereals, and assessed the projected changes in rainfall and potential evapotranspiration. By 2099, roughly 76% (55% to 89%) of the boreal region might reach crop feasible GDD conditions, compared to the current 32%. The leading edge of the feasible GDD will shift northwards up to 1200 km by 2099 while the altitudinal shift remains marginal. However, most of the newly gained areas are associated with highly seasonal and monthly variations in climatic water balances, a critical component of any future land-use and management decisions.
机译:由于农业地区受到气候变化的威胁,高纬度地区的变暖和粮食需求的增加可能导致全球农业向北扩张。尽管社会经济需求和文化条件可能会控制扩张,但气候是关键的限制因素。有关未来作物预测的现有文献考虑了成熟的农业地区,并且主要基于温度。我们采用生长度日(GDD)作为温度与作物生长之间的生理联系,以评估21世纪气候变化下农业气候带的全球北移。使用基于温室气体(GHG)排放和瞬态GHG的七个全球气候模型(GCM)的ClimGen情景,我们描绘了GDD区域的未来范围,适用于小谷物,并评估了预计的降雨量和潜在蒸散量的变化。到2099年,北方地区大约76%(55%至89%)可能达到作物可行的GDD条件,而目前这一比例为32%。到2099年,可行的GDD的前沿将向北移动到1200 km / km,而垂直方向的移动仍然很小。但是,大多数新获得的地区与气候水平衡的季节性和每月高度变化有关,这是未来任何土地利用和管理决策的关键组成部分。

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