Natural nanoparticles are of central importance in the environment, e.g. sorption of soil organic carbon (SOC) and contaminants. A large number of study have focused on the metal binding, transport and ecotoxicity of nanoparticles. Fertilizer amendments are routinely applied to arable soils and induce changes in soil chemical, physical and biological properties. However, the effects of fertilizer amendments on natural nanoparticles are still unknown. In this study, soil nanoparticles were separated from acid red soil (Ferralic Cambisol) including long-term (26 years) treatments of unfertilized control (CK), chemical nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers (NPK) and raw pig manure (M). The results from high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and Fourier-transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicated that nanoparticles in red soil were heterogeneous organo-mineral associations with irregular shapes, regardless of fertilization history. In addition, kaolinite and allophane occurred in the soil nanoparticles. Intriguingly, we found the content of allophane under M treatment (0.64 g kg−1) was much higher than under CK and NPK treatments. However, the CK (0.27 g kg−1) and NPK (0.21 g kg−1) had similar allophane concentrations. Our study may indicate long-term organic manure amendment initializes positive feedback loop for further SOC sequestration. However, the mechanisms for the enhancement of nanomineral allophane by manure amendment deserve further investigation.
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机译：天然纳米颗粒在环境中至关重要，例如土壤有机碳（SOC）和污染物的吸附。大量研究集中在纳米颗粒的金属结合，转运和生态毒性方面。肥料改良剂通常应用于可耕土壤，并引起土壤化学，物理和生物学特性的变化。然而，肥料改良剂对天然纳米颗粒的影响仍然未知。在这项研究中，将土壤纳米颗粒与酸性红壤（Ferralic Cambisol）分离，包括长期（26年）未施肥的对照（CK），化学氮，磷和钾肥（NPK）和生猪粪便（M）处理。高分辨率透射电子显微镜（HRTEM）和傅立叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱的结果表明，无论施肥历史如何，红壤中的纳米颗粒都是具有不规则形状的异质有机-矿物缔合。另外，高岭石和别铝镁石存在于土壤纳米颗粒中。有趣的是，我们发现在M处理（0.64 g kg -1 ）下，Allophane的含量远高于CK和NPK处理。然而，CK（0.27 g kg -1 ）和NPK（0.21 g kg -1 ）的脲基甲烷浓度相似。我们的研究可能表明长期的有机肥改良会初始化正反馈回路，以进一步隔离SOC。然而，通过粪肥改良提高纳米矿物脲基甲烷的机理值得进一步研究。
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