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Unbreakable distributed storage with quantum key distribution network and password-authenticated secret sharing

机译:具有量子密钥分发网络和经过密码认证的秘密共享的牢不可破的分布式存储

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摘要

Distributed storage plays an essential role in realizing robust and secure data storage in a network over long periods of time. A distributed storage system consists of a data owner machine, multiple storage servers and channels to link them. In such a system, secret sharing scheme is widely adopted, in which secret data are split into multiple pieces and stored in each server. To reconstruct them, the data owner should gather plural pieces. Shamir’s (k, n)-threshold scheme, in which the data are split into n pieces (shares) for storage and at least k pieces of them must be gathered for reconstruction, furnishes information theoretic security, that is, even if attackers could collect shares of less than the threshold k, they cannot get any information about the data, even with unlimited computing power. Behind this scenario, however, assumed is that data transmission and authentication must be perfectly secure, which is not trivial in practice. Here we propose a totally information theoretically secure distributed storage system based on a user-friendly single-password-authenticated secret sharing scheme and secure transmission using quantum key distribution, and demonstrate it in the Tokyo metropolitan area (≤90 km).
机译:分布式存储在长期实现网络中强大而安全的数据存储方面起着至关重要的作用。分布式存储系统由一个数据所有者计算机,多个存储服务器和链接它们的通道组成。在这样的系统中,秘密共享方案被广泛采用,其中秘密数据被分成多段并存储在每个服务器中。为了重建它们,数据所有者应收集多个片段。 Shamir(k,n)阈值方案将数据分成n个(共享)存储,并且至少必须收集k个以进行重建,该方案提供了信息理论安全性,即使攻击者可以收集份额小于阈值k,即使具有无限的计算能力,他们也无法获得有关数据的任何信息。但是,在这种情况下,我们假设数据传输和身份验证必须完全安全,这在实践中并不简单。在此,我们提出了一种基于用户友好的单口令认证秘密共享方案并使用量子密钥分发进行安全传输的完全信息理论上安全的分布式存储系统,并在东京都会区(≤90km)内进行了演示。

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