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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Journal of Neurophysiology >Competitive interactions in sensorimotor cortex: oscillations express separation between alternative movement targets
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Competitive interactions in sensorimotor cortex: oscillations express separation between alternative movement targets

机译：感觉运动皮层中的竞争性相互作用：振荡表示替代运动目标之间的分离

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Choice behavior is influenced by factors such as reward and number of alternatives but also by physical context, for instance, the relative position of alternative movement targets. At small separation, speeded eye or hand movements are more likely to land between targets (spatial averaging) than at larger separation. Neurocomputational models explain such behavior in terms of cortical activity being preshaped by the movement environment. Here, we manipulate target separation, as a determinant of motor cortical activity in choice behavior, to address neural mechanisms of response selection. Specifically, we investigate whether context-induced changes in the balance of cooperative and competitive interactions between competing groups of neurons are expressed in the power spectrum of sensorimotor rhythms. We recorded magnetoencephalography while participants were precued to two possible movement target locations at different angles of separation (30, 60, or 90°). After a delay, one of the locations was cued as the target for a joystick pointing movement. We found that late delay-period movement-preparatory activity increased more strongly for alternative targets at 30 than at 60 or 90° of separation. This nonlinear pattern was evident in slow event-related fields as well as in beta- and low-gamma-band suppression. A comparable pattern was found within an earlier window for theta-band synchronization. We interpret the late delay effects in terms of increased movement-preparatory activity when there is greater overlap and hence less competition between groups of neurons encoding two response alternatives. Early delay-period theta-band synchronization may reflect covert response activation relevant to behavioral spatial averaging effects.
机译：选择行为受诸如奖励和备选方案数量之类的因素影响，但也受物理环境（例如，备选运动目标的相对位置）影响。间隔较小时，较之间隔较大时，较快的眼睛或手部动作更可能落在目标之间（空间平均）。神经计算模型通过运动环境预先确定的皮层活动来解释这种行为。在这里，我们操纵目标分离，作为选择行为中运动皮层活动的决定因素，以解决反应选择的神经机制。具体而言，我们调查在感觉运动节律的功率谱中，背景诱导的竞争性神经元组之间的合作与竞争相互作用平衡的变化是否表达。我们记录了脑磁图，而参与者被迫以两个不同的分离角度（30、60或90°）定位到两个可能的运动目标位置。延迟后，将其中一个位置作为操纵杆指向运动的目标。我们发现，替代目标在30度时的延迟延迟运动准备活动比在60°或90°分离时更强。这种非线性模式在慢速事件相关领域以及β和低伽玛带抑制中很明显。在较早的θ带同步窗口中发现了可比较的模式。当存在较大的重叠并因此编码两种响应替代方法的神经元组之间的竞争较少时，我们将根据运动准备活动的增加来解释延迟效应。早期延迟周期theta-band同步可能反映与行为空间平均效应相关的隐式响应激活。

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