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Recent advancement on chemical arsenal of Bt toxin and its application in pest management system in agricultural field

机译:Bt毒素化学武库的最新进展及其在农业害虫管理系统中的应用

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摘要

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, soil bacterium, which is very popular bio-control agent in agricultural and forestry. In general, B. thuringiensis secretes an array of insecticidal proteins including toxins produced during vegetative growth phase (such as secreted insecticidal protein, Sip; vegetative insecticidal proteins, Vip), parasporal crystalline δ-endotoxins produced during vegetative stationary phase (such as cytolytic toxin, Cyt; and crystal toxin, Cry), and β-exotoxins. Till date, a wide spectrum of Cry proteins has been reported and most of them belong to three-domain-Cry toxins, Bin-like toxin, and Etx_Mtx2-like toxins. To the best of our knowledge, neither Bt insecticidal toxins are exclusive to Bt nor all the strains of Bt are capable of producing insecticidal Bt toxins. The lacuna in their latest classification has also been discussed. In this review, the updated information regarding the insecticidal Bt toxins and their different mode of actions were summarized. Before applying the Bt toxins on agricultural field, the non-specific effects of toxins should be investigated. We also have summarized the problem of insect resistance and the strategies to combat with this problem. We strongly believe that this information will help a lot to the budding researchers in the field of modern pest control biotechnology.
机译:苏云金芽孢杆菌(Btillus thuringiensis)(Bt)是革兰氏阳性,可形成孢子的土壤细菌,在农业和林业领域非常流行。通常,苏云金芽孢杆菌会分泌一系列杀虫蛋白,包括在营养生长期产生的毒素(例如分泌的杀虫蛋白Sip;植物杀虫蛋白Vip),在植物静止期产生的孢子旁结晶δ-内毒素(例如溶细胞毒素) ,Cyt;以及晶体毒素(Cry)和β-外毒素。迄今为止,已经报道了广泛的Cry蛋白,并且它们大多数属于三结构域Cry毒素,Bin样毒素和Etx_Mtx2样毒素。据我们所知,Bt杀虫毒素不是Bt专有的,也不是所有Bt菌株都能产生Bt杀虫毒素。还对最新分类中的缺陷进行了讨论。在这篇综述中,总结了有关杀虫Bt毒素及其不同作用方式的最新信息。在将Bt毒素应用于农业领域之前,应研究毒素的非特异性作用。我们还总结了昆虫抗性的问题以及解决该问题的策略。我们坚信,这些信息将对现代病虫害防治生物技术领域的新兴研究人员有很大帮助。

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