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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Ecology and Evolution >Spatial differences in genetic diversity and northward migration suggest genetic erosion along the boreal caribou southern range limit and continued range retraction
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Spatial differences in genetic diversity and northward migration suggest genetic erosion along the boreal caribou southern range limit and continued range retraction

机译：遗传多样性和向北迁徙的空间差异表明沿着北驯鹿南部范围界限的遗传侵蚀和持续范围的缩回

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With increasing human activities and associated landscape changes, distributions of terrestrial mammals become fragmented. These changes in distribution are often associated with reduced population sizes and loss of genetic connectivity and diversity (i.e., genetic erosion) which may further diminish a species' ability to respond to changing environmental conditions and lead to local population extinctions. We studied threatened boreal caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) populations across their distribution in Ontario/Manitoba (Canada) to assess changes in genetic diversity and connectivity in areas of high and low anthropogenic activity. Using data from >1,000 caribou and nine microsatellite loci, we assessed population genetic structure, genetic diversity, and recent migration rates using a combination of network and population genetic analyses. We used Bayesian clustering analyses to identify population genetic structure and explored spatial and temporal variation in those patterns by assembling networks based on R ST and F ST as historical and contemporary genetic edge distances, respectively. The Bayesian clustering analyses identified broad‐scale patterns of genetic structure and closely aligned with the R ST network. The F ST network revealed substantial contemporary genetic differentiation, particularly in areas presenting contemporary anthropogenic disturbances and habitat fragmentation. In general, relatively lower genetic diversity and greater genetic differentiation were detected along the southern range limit, differing from areas in the northern parts of the distribution. Moreover, estimation of migration rates suggested a northward movement of animals away from the southern range limit. The patterns of genetic erosion revealed in our study suggest ongoing range retraction of boreal caribou in central Canada.
机译：随着人类活动的增加和相关景观的变化，陆地哺乳动物的分布变得支离破碎。这些分布上的变化通常与种群数量减少以及遗传连通性和多样性的丧失（即遗传侵蚀）有关，这可能进一步削弱物种对不断变化的环境条件做出反应并导致当地种群灭绝的能力。我们研究了在加拿大安大略省/曼尼托巴省（加拿大）受威胁的北美驯鹿（Rangifer tarandus驯鹿）种群的分布情况，以评估高人类活动和低人类活动地区的遗传多样性和连通性变化。利用来自> 1,000个驯鹿和9个微卫星基因座的数据，我们结合网络和种群遗传分析方法评估了种群遗传结构，遗传多样性和近期迁徙率。我们使用贝叶斯聚类分析来识别种群遗传结构，并通过将基于R ST和F ST的网络分别组装为历史和当代遗传边缘距离来探索那些模式的时空变异。贝叶斯聚类分析确定了广泛的遗传结构模式，并与R ST网络紧密相关。 F ST网络揭示了当代重大的遗传分化，特别是在出现当代人为干扰和生境破碎化的地区。一般而言，在分布范围的北部，发现了相对较低的遗传多样性和较大的遗传分化，这与分布北部的地区有所不同。此外，估计迁移率表明动物向北移动，远离南部范围限制。在我们的研究中揭示的遗传侵蚀模式表明加拿大中部的北美驯鹿正在不断地回缩。

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