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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Ecology and Evolution >Habitat and introduced predators influence the occupancy of small threatened macropods in subtropical Australia
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Habitat and introduced predators influence the occupancy of small threatened macropods in subtropical Australia

机译：栖息地和引进的捕食者影响着亚热带澳大利亚小型濒临灭绝的巨足兽的居住

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Australia has had the highest rate of mammal extinctions in the past two centuries when compared to other continents. Frequently cited threats include habitat loss and fragmentation, changed fire regimes and the impact of introduced predators, namely the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and the feral cat (Felis catus). Recent studies suggest that Australia's top predator, the dingo (Canis dingo), may have a suppressive effect on fox populations but not on cat populations. The landscape of fear hypothesis proposes that habitat used by prey species comprises high to low risk patches for foraging as determined by the presence and ubiquity of predators within the ecosystem. This results in a landscape of risky versus safe areas for prey species. We investigated the influence of habitat and its interaction with predatory mammals on the occupancy of medium‐sized mammals with a focus on threatened macropodid marsupials (the long‐nosed potoroo [Potorous tridactylous] and red‐legged pademelon [Thylogale stigmatica]). We assumed that differential use of habitats would reflect trade‐offs between food and safety. We predicted that medium‐sized mammals would prefer habitats for foraging that reduce the risk of predation but that predators would have a positive relationship with medium‐sized mammals. We variously used data from 298 camera trap sites across nine conservation reserves in subtropical Australia. Both dingoes and feral cats were broadly distributed, whilst the red fox was rare. Long‐nosed potoroos had a strong positive association with dense ground cover, consistent with using habitat complexity to escape predation. Red‐legged pademelons showed a preference for open ground cover, consistent with a reliance on rapid bounding to escape predation. Dingoes preferred areas of open ground cover whereas feral cats showed no specific habitat preference. Dingoes were positively associated with long‐nosed potoroos whilst feral cats were positively associated with red‐legged pademelons. Our study highlights the importance of habitat structure to these threatened mammals and also the need for more detailed study of their interactions with their predators.
机译：与其他大陆相比，澳大利亚在过去两个世纪中的哺乳动物灭绝率最高。经常提到的威胁包括栖息地的丧失和破碎化，火势变化以及引入的掠食者（即赤狐（Vulpes vulpes）和野猫（Felis catus））的影响。最近的研究表明，澳大利亚最大的捕食者流浪者（Canis dingo）可能对狐狸种群具有抑制作用，但对猫种群却没有抑制作用。恐惧假说的前景表明，猎物物种使用的栖息地包括高到低风险的觅食斑块，这取决于生态系统中掠食者的存在和普遍性。这导致了猎物物种处于危险区域与安全区域之间的情况。我们研究了栖息地及其与掠夺性哺乳动物的相互作用对中型哺乳动物的占用的影响，重点研究了有威胁的巨足有袋动物（长鼻potoroo [Potorous tridactylous]和红脚pad蒲[Thylogale stigmatica]）。我们假设生境的不同利用将反映出食品与安全之间的权衡。我们预测，中型哺乳动物更喜欢觅食的栖息地，以减少捕食的风险，但捕食者与中型哺乳动物具有积极的关系。我们以不同的方式使用了来自亚热带澳大利亚9个保护区的298个相机陷阱站点的数据。野狗和野猫都分布广泛，而赤狐则很少。长鼻的袋鼠与浓密的地被植物有很强的正相关性，这与利用栖息地的复杂性来逃避捕食有关。红脚的e瓜表现出对开放地被植物的偏爱，这与对快速逃生的依赖相一致。野狗更喜欢开阔的地面，而野猫则没有特定的栖息地偏好。野狗与长鼻的potoroos呈正相关，而野猫与红脚的pademelon呈正相关。我们的研究强调了栖息地结构对这些受威胁哺乳动物的重要性，也需要对它们与捕食者之间的相互作用进行更详细的研究。

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