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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Journal of Human Kinetics >Control strategy of maximum vertical jumps: The preferred countermovement depth may not be fully optimized for jump height
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Control strategy of maximum vertical jumps: The preferred countermovement depth may not be fully optimized for jump height

机译：最大垂直跳动的控制策略：可能无法针对跳动高度完全优化首选的反向移动深度

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The aim of the present study was to explore the control strategy of maximum countermovement jumps regarding the preferred countermovement depth preceding the concentric jump phase. Elite basketball players and physically active non-athletes were tested on the jumps performed with and without an arm swing, while the countermovement depth was varied within the interval of almost 30 cm around its preferred value. The results consistently revealed 5.1-11.2 cm smaller countermovement depth than the optimum one, but the same difference was more prominent in non-athletes. In addition, although the same differences revealed a marked effect on the recorded force and power output, they reduced jump height for only 0.1-1.2 cm. Therefore, the studied control strategy may not be based solely on the countermovement depth that maximizes jump height. In addition, the comparison of the two groups does not support the concept of a dual-task strategy based on the trade-off between maximizing jump height and minimizing the jumping quickness that should be more prominent in the athletes that routinely need to jump quickly. Further research could explore whether the observed phenomenon is based on other optimization principles, such as the minimization of effort and energy expenditure. Nevertheless, future routine testing procedures should take into account that the control strategy of maximum countermovement jumps is not fully based on maximizing the jump height, while the countermovement depth markedly confound the relationship between the jump height and the assessed force and power output of leg muscles.
机译：本研究的目的是探讨在同心跳跃阶段之前关于首选反向运动深度的最大反向运动跳跃的控制策略。在有或没有手臂挥杆的情况下，对优秀的篮球运动员和体力活动的非运动员进行了跳跃测试，同时反向运动深度在其首选值附近的30 cm范围内变化。结果一致显示，反向运动深度比最佳运动深度小5.1-11.2 cm，但相同的差异在非运动员中更为明显。此外，尽管相同的差异显示出对所记录的力和功率输出有显着影响，但它们仅将跳跃高度降低了0.1-1.2 cm。因此，所研究的控制策略可能不完全基于最大化跳跃高度的反向运动深度。此外，两组的比较不支持基于在最大化跳跃高度和最小化跳跃速度之间权衡的双重任务策略的概念，这在通常需要快速跳跃的运动员中应该更为突出。进一步的研究可以探索观察到的现象是否基于其他优化原理，例如最小化工作量和能源消耗。但是，未来的常规测试程序应考虑到最大反向运动跳跃的控制策略并不完全基于最大化跳跃高度，而反向运动深度明显混淆了跳跃高度与评估的腿部肌肉力量和力量输出之间的关系。 。

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