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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Genome Biology and Evolution >Analysis of Three Sugarcane Homo/Homeologous Regions Suggests Independent Polyploidization Events of Saccharum officinarum and Saccharum spontaneum
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Analysis of Three Sugarcane Homo/Homeologous Regions Suggests Independent Polyploidization Events of Saccharum officinarum and Saccharum spontaneum

机译：对三个甘蔗同源区/同源区的分析表明蔗糖和自发性蔗糖具有独立的多倍体化作用

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Whole genome duplication has played an important role in plant evolution and diversification. Sugarcane is an important crop with a complex hybrid polyploid genome, for which the process of adaptation to polyploidy is still poorly understood. In order to improve our knowledge about sugarcane genome evolution and the homo/homeologous gene expression balance, we sequenced and analyzed 27 BACs (Bacterial Artificial Chromosome) of sugarcane R570 cultivar, containing the putative single-copy genes LFY (seven haplotypes), PHYC (four haplotypes), and TOR (seven haplotypes). Comparative genomic approaches showed that these sugarcane loci presented a high degree of conservation of gene content and collinearity (synteny) with sorghum and rice orthologous regions, but were invaded by transposable elements (TE). All the homo/homeologous haplotypes of LFY, PHYC, and TOR are likely to be functional, because they are all under purifying selection (dN/dS ≪ 1). However, they were found to participate in a nonequivalently manner to the overall expression of the corresponding gene. SNPs, indels, and amino acid substitutions allowed inferring the S. officinarum or S. spontaneum origin of the TOR haplotypes, which further led to the estimation that these two sugarcane ancestral species diverged between 2.5 and 3.5 Ma. In addition, analysis of shared TE insertions in TOR haplotypes suggested that two autopolyploidization may have occurred in the lineage that gave rise to S. officinarum, after its divergence from S. spontaneum.
机译：全基因组复制在植物进化和多样化中发挥了重要作用。甘蔗是具有复杂杂种多倍体基因组的重要作物，对其适应多倍体的过程仍知之甚少。为了增进我们对甘蔗基因组进化和同源/同源基因表达平衡的了解，我们对甘蔗R570品种的27个BAC（细菌人工染色体）进行了测序和分析，其中包含推定的单拷贝基因LFY（七个单倍型），PHYC（四个单倍型）和TOR（七个单倍型）。比较的基因组方法表明，这些甘蔗基因座在高粱和水稻直系同源区域表现出高度的基因含量和共线性（同义性）保守性，但受到转座因子（TE）的侵袭。 LFY，PHYC和TOR的所有同源/同源单倍型都可能起作用，因为它们均处于纯化选择之下（dN / dS≪ 1）。但是，发现它们以不等价的方式参与相应基因的整体表达。 SNP，插入缺失和氨基酸置换可以推断出TOR单倍型的S. officinarum或S.stantaneum起源，这进一步导致了这两个甘蔗祖先物种在2.5和3.5？Ma之间的差异。此外，对TOR单倍型中共有TE插入的分析表明，在与自发链球菌不同后，谱系中可能发生了两个自多倍体化，从而导致了S. officinarum。

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