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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Ecology and Evolution >Identifying important conservation areas for the clouded leopard Neofelis nebulosa in a mountainous landscape: Inference from spatial modeling techniques
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Identifying important conservation areas for the clouded leopard Neofelis nebulosa in a mountainous landscape: Inference from spatial modeling techniques

机译：确定山区景观中云豹新星云的重要保护区：来自空间建模技术的推论

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The survival of large carnivores is increasingly precarious due to extensive human development that causes the habitat loss and fragmentation. Habitat selection is influenced by anthropogenic as well as environmental factors, and understanding these relationships is important for conservation management. We assessed the environmental and anthropogenic variables that influence site use of clouded leopard Neofelis nebulosa in Bhutan, estimated their population density, and used the results to predict the species’ site use across Bhutan. We used a large camera‐trap dataset from the national tiger survey to estimate for clouded leopards, for the first time in Bhutan, (1) population density using spatially explicit capture–recapture models and (2) site‐use probability using occupancy models accounting for spatial autocorrelation. Population density was estimated at D^Bayesian=0.40 (0.10 SD) and D^maximum−likelihood=0.30 (0.12 SE) per 100 km2. Clouded leopard site use was positively associated with forest cover and distance to river while negatively associated with elevation. Mean site‐use probability (from the Bayesian spatial model) was ψ^spatial=0.448 (0.076 SD). When spatial autocorrelation was ignored, the probability of site use was overestimated, ψ^nonspatial=0.826 (0.066 SD). Predictive mapping allowed us to identify important conservation areas and priority habitats to sustain the future of these elusive, ambassador felids and associated guilds. Multiple sites in the south, many of them outside of protected areas, were identified as habitats suitable for this species, adding evidence to conservation planning for clouded leopards in continental South Asia.
机译：由于人类的广泛发展，大型食肉动物的生存越来越不稳定，这会导致栖息地丧失和破碎。生境的选择受人为因素和环境因素的影响，因此了解这些关系对于养护管理非常重要。我们评估了环境和人为因素，这些因素会影响不丹云豹Neofelis nebulosa的站点使用，估计它们的种群密度，并使用结果来预测不丹整个物种的站点使用。我们使用了来自全国老虎调查的大型相机陷阱数据集来估计不丹豹子的踪迹，这是第一次（1）使用空间显式捕获-捕获模型的人口密度，以及（2）使用占用模型的场地使用概率核算用于空间自相关。人口密度估计为 < mover accent =“ true”> D ^ 贝叶斯 < mo> = 0.40 （0.10 SD）和 D ^ 最大 - 可能性 每100 km 2 = 0.30 （0.12 SE）。豹斑的使用与森林覆盖率和与河流的距离成正相关，而与海拔高度成负相关。平均站点使用概率（来自贝叶斯空间模型）为 ψ ^ 空间 = 0.448 （0.076标清）。如果忽略空间自相关，则会高估站点使用的可能性， ψ ^ 非空间 = 0.826 （0.066标清）。预测性制图使我们能够确定重要的保护区和优先栖息地，以维持这些难以捉摸的，猫科动物和相关行会的未来。南部有多个地点，其中许多位于保护区之外，被确定为适合该物种的栖息地，这为南亚大陆云豹的保护规划提供了证据。

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