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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Neuroscience of Consciousness >Free will: are we all equal? A dynamical perspective of the consciousintention to move
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Free will: are we all equal? A dynamical perspective of the consciousintention to move

机译：自由意志：我们都平等吗？意识的动力学视角打算搬家

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In their seminal (1983) study, Libet and colleagues suggested that awareness of one’s intention to act has a postdictive character in that it occurs long after cerebral activity leading to action has been initiated. Crucially, Libet et al. further suggested that the time window (±200 ms) between the conscious experience of the intention to act and the action itself offers people the possibility of “vetoing” the unfolding action. This raises the question of whether there are individual differences in the duration of this “veto window” and which components of the readiness potential (RP) and the lateralized readiness potential (LRP) explain this variability. It has been reported that some psychiatric diseases lead to shorter intervals between conscious intentions and actions. However, it is unclear whether such patients suffer from impairment of the sense of volition, thus experiencing voluntary movements as involuntary, or whether voluntary inhibition of action is actually reduced, since conscious intention occurs later. We had two aims in the present paper. First, we aimed at clarifying the role of consciousness in voluntary actions by examining the relation between the duration of the veto window and impulsivity. Second, we sought to examine different components of the RP and LRP waveforms so as to attempt to explain observed variability in W judgments. Our results indicate (1) that impulsive people exhibit a shorter delay between their intentionand the action than non-impulsive people, and (2) that this difference can hardly beattributed to a difference in time perception. Electroencephalography indicated that therate of growth of the RP is relevant to explain differences in W judgments, since weobserved that the RP at the moment of conscious intention is lower for people with lateconscious intention than for people with early conscious intention. The onset and theintercept of these waveforms were less interpretable. These results bring new light on therole that consciousness plays in voluntary action.
机译：Libet及其同事在其开创性的研究（1983年）中提出，对一个人的行动意图的意识具有一种预测性的特征，因为这种意识发生在导致行动的大脑活动开始很长时间之后。至关重要的是，Libet等。进一步建议，在有意识地采取行动的意识与行动本身之间的时间窗（±200µms）为人们提供了“否决”正在展开的行动的可能性。这就提出了一个问题，即该“否决权窗口”的持续时间是否存在个体差异，以及就绪潜力（RP）和横向准备就绪潜力（LRP）的哪些组成部分可以解释这种可变性。据报道，一些精神疾病导致意识和行动之间的间隔缩短。然而，尚不清楚这些患者是否遭受意志力的损害，从而经历作为非自愿的自愿运动，或者是否实际上减少了对主动行动的抑制，因为意识意识是稍后发生的。我们在本文中有两个目标。首先，我们旨在通过检查否决窗口持续时间与冲动性之间的关系来阐明意识在自愿行动中的作用。其次，我们试图检查RP和LRP波形的不同组成部分，以试图解释W判断中观察到的变异性。我们的结果表明（1）冲动的人在意图之间表现出较短的延迟以及比非冲动的人的行动更重要的是，（2）这种差异很难归因于时间知觉的差异。脑电图表明RP的增长率与解释W判断的差异有关，因为我们观察到，晚期患者的有意识意图时的RP较低有意识的意向比有早期意识的人要好。发病与这些波形的截距难以解释。这些结果为意识在自愿行动中扮演的角色。

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