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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Conservation Physiology >Fish-protection devices at unscreened water diversions can reduce entrainment: evidence from behavioural laboratory investigations
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Fish-protection devices at unscreened water diversions can reduce entrainment: evidence from behavioural laboratory investigations

机译：未经筛分的引水的鱼类保护装置可以减少夹带：行为实验室研究的证据

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Diversion (i.e. extraction) of water from rivers and estuaries can potentially affect native wildlife populations if operation is not carefully managed. For example, open, unmodified water diversions can act as a source of injury or mortality to resident or migratory fishes from entrainment and impingement, and can cause habitat degradation and fragmentation. Fish-protection devices, such as exclusion screens, louvres or sensory deterrents, can physically or behaviourally deter fish from approaching or being entrained into water diversions. However, empirical assessment of their efficacy is often lacking or is investigated only for particular economically or culturally important fishes, such as salmonids. The Southern population of anadromous green sturgeon (Acipenser medirostris) is listed as threatened in California, and there is a high density of water diversions located within their native range (the Sacramento–San Joaquin watershed). Coupled with their unique physiology and behaviour compared with many other fishes native to California, the green sturgeon is susceptible to entrainment into diversions and is an ideal species with which to study the efficacy of mitigation techniques. Therefore, we investigated juvenile green sturgeon (188–202 days post-hatch) in the presence of several fish-protection devices to assess behaviour and entrainment risk. Using a large experimental flume (∼500 kl), we found that compared with an open diversion pipe (control), the addition of a trash-rack box, louvre box, or perforated cylinder on the pipe inlet all significantly reduced the proportion of fish that were entrained through the pipe (P = 0.03, P = 0.028, and P = 0.028, respectively). Likewise, these devices decreased entrainment risk during a single movement past the pipe by between 60 and 96%. These fish-protection devices should decrease the risk of fish entrainment during water-diversion activities.
机译：如果操作不当，从河流和河口引水（即提取）可能会影响野生动植物种群。例如，开放的，未经修改的引水会成为夹带和撞击对居民或mi游鱼类造成伤害或死亡的原因，并可能导致栖息地退化和破碎化。鱼类保护设备，例如隔离网，百叶窗或感觉威慑剂，可以在物理上或行为上阻止鱼类接近或被引水。但是，通常缺乏对它们功效的经验评估，或者仅针对特定的具有经济或文化意义的重要鱼类（如鲑鱼）进行了评估。在加利福尼亚州，南部食人鱼绿色green鱼（Acipenser medirostris）受到威胁，在其原生范围内（萨克拉门托-圣华金分水岭）分布着高密度的水。与California鱼产自加利福尼亚的许多其他鱼类相比，绿st鱼具有独特的生理学和行为，因此很容易被夹带转化为and鱼，并且是研究减灾技术功效的理想物种。因此，我们在存在几种鱼类保护装置的情况下调查了幼稚绿色st鱼（孵化后188-202天），以评估行为和诱捕风险。使用大型实验水槽（〜500 kl），我们发现与开放式导流管（对照）相比，在管子入口处添加了垃圾箱，百叶窗盒或带孔圆柱体都显着降低了鱼的比例它们通过管道被夹带（分别为P = 0.03，P = 0.028和P = 0.028）。同样，这些设备在通过管道的单个运动过程中将夹带风险降低了60％至96％。这些鱼保护装置应减少引水活动中夹带鱼的风险。

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